2012年-2014年西昌市农村饮水水质监测结果分析

Analysis of the drinking water monitoring results in Xichang rural areas from 2012 to 2014

目的了解西昌市农村生活饮用水卫生情况,为政府和相关部门对农村饮水工程的建设与管理提供科学依据。方法 2012年-2014年对西昌市农村安全饮水工程采集的211份饮用水进行检测、分析和评价。结果农村饮水工程供水方式以集中式供水为主,有27.14%采用完全处理的消毒方式,有54.29%采用部分消毒方式,有18.57%监测点未进行消毒处理。丰水期水质略高于与枯水期,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。感官及一般化学指标、毒理学指标、微生物指标之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在13个超标项目中以总大肠菌群和耐热大肠菌群为最高,不合格率分别达46.45%和40.28%。结论西昌市农村生活饮用水卫生状况较差,受微生物污染严重,有导致肠道传染病暴发流行的安全隐患,政府应加强农村供水设施建设,以保障农村饮水卫生安全。

Objective To investigate the sanitary situation of rural drinking water in Xichang,so as to provide scientific basis for the government and relevant departments to provide a scientific basis for the construction and management of rural drinking water projects. Methods From 2012 to 2014 at the rural safety water drinking projects in Xichang,211 sample of drinking water were tested,analyzed and evaluated. Results In the rural drinking water projects,engineering water supply mode is given priority to the centralized water supply,27. 14% was fully processed by disinfection method,54. 29% used partial disinfection,18. 57% of monitoring stations were not with disinfection treatment. The water quality was higher in the wet season than that in the dry season,but the difference had no statistical significance（ P〉0. 05）. And the differences on the senses and general chemical indicators,toxicology,microbial indicators were statistically significant（ P〈0. 05）,in the 13 overstandard items,total coliforms and heat- resistant coliform bacteria were the highest,and the unqualified rate was respectively 46. 45% and40. 28%. Conclusion The rural drinking water hygiene in Xichang is undesirable,polluted by microorganism seriously,and has the safe hidden trouble of intestinal infectious disease outbreak. The government should strengthen the construction of rural water supply facilities,so as to guarantee rural drinking water and health security.