不同氮钾肥配施对大棚芦笋产量品质的影响

Effect of Different Nitrogen and Potassium Fertilizer Application on Asparagus officinalis L.Yield and Quality in Plastic Tunnel

以美国的"泽西奈特"芦笋品种为试材,在塑料大棚栽培条件下,采用2因素4水平的"3414"施肥优化方案试验设计,研究了不同氮钾施用量对芦笋采收量与嫩茎品质的影响。结果表明:随着施氮量的增加,产量呈缓慢增加的趋势;而随着施钾量的增加,产量呈先增加后降低的趋势。氮肥与钾肥之间没有显著的互作效应,芦笋产量对钾肥反应最敏感,钾肥对芦笋产量影响最大;以N1P2K1的处理9产量最高,且一级笋率最高,外观品质最好,畸形笋数量少,商品笋产量最高。以N2P2K2的处理6营养品质最高,粗纤维含量低、口感好,芦丁与皂苷含量最高,分别达0.65mg/g与26.23mg/g。通过回归分析,得出最适施肥量为每667m2施尿素33.98kg、过磷酸钙26.67kg、硫酸钾28.78kg。

Under plastic tunnel,using‘Jersey knight＇Asparagus officinalis L.seeds as material,the effect of yield and nutrient quality of Asparagus officinalis L.spear with different fertilizer combination application according the‘3414＇experiment design were studied.The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer used,the yield showed a trend of slow increase;and with the increment of potassium fertilizer application,the yield was reduced after the first increased trend.There was no significant interaction effect between nitrogen and potassium.Asparagus officinalis L.production was more sensitive to potassium fertilizer,which had the negative effect on Asparagus officinalis L.yield during the potassium reached certain amounts.The N1P2K1treatment（Treatment 9）had the highest yield and best appearance quality than any other treatments.And N2P2K2treatment（Treatment 6）showed the lowest crude fiber content and high content of rutin and saponin,which had the highest nutritional quality and the best taste rutin and ginsenoside content were 0.65 mg/g and 26.23 mg/g.After regression analysis by fertilizer model,the suitable fertilization combination could be calculated as following,nitrogen fertilizer for 33.98 kg urea,26.67 kg calcium superphosphate and 28.78 kg potassium sulphate per 667m2.