大型舰船官兵睡眠质量及心理应激状况调查

Investigation on the sleep status and mental stress of the commissioned and enlisted onboard the large naval vessel

目的 调查大型舰船官兵睡眠状况及心理应激程度.方法 对大型舰船80名青年官兵采用匹兹堡睡眠质量量表（Pittsburgh sleep quality index,PSQI）、急性应激反应量表（acute stress response scale,ASRS）,对其睡眠状况、心理应激程度进行抽样调查及统计分析.结果 （1）夜间平均睡眠时间（5.61±1.84）h,PSQI总得分为8.05 ±3.55,61.9％受检者存在睡眠障碍问题.（2）睡眠障碍组官兵以入睡困难最常见,其他还有睡眠时间减少、中途觉醒、早醒及多梦或梦魇等.（3）大型舰船官兵PSQI总分及各因子如睡眠效率、睡眠障碍和日间功能障碍均与情绪反应、行为变化呈正相关.结论 大型舰船官兵睡眠状况存在一定问题,心理应激程度较重,应采用心理疏导、改善环境等干预措施,以改善大型舰船官兵睡眠状况,促进睡眠健康.

Objective To investigate the sleep status and mental stress of the commissioned and enlisted onboard the large naval vessel.Methods Sample surveys and statistical analyses were made on the sleep status and mental stress of 80 commissioned and enlisted personnel onboard the large naval vessel by using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PQSI） and Acute Stress Response Scale （ASRS）.Results （1） The average sleep time at night was （5.61 ± 1.84） hours,and total scores of PSQI were （8.05 ± 3.55）.Survey results indicated that 61.9% of the subjects had sleep disorder.（2） The most common problem of sleep disorder among the commissioned and enlisted personnel was difficult in falling asleep,and other problems were reduced sleep time,wake-up during sleep,early awakening,having dreams or nightmares.（3） Total PSQI scores and various factors such as sleep efficiency,sleep disorder,and daytime dysfunction were all positively correlated with emotional response and changes in behavior.Conclusions There existed certain problems in the overall sleep status and mental stress among the commissioned and enlisted onboard the large naval vessel.Such intervention measures as mental consultation and further improvement of shipboard environment should be taken to improve their sleep status and enhance their mental health.