论海难救助船舶界定的范式和法哲学观

Study on Defining Paradigm and Legal Philosophy View of Savable Vessel

如何界定作为海难救助客体之船舶的内涵和外延,存在着限定主义范式和非限定主义范式。限定主义范式体现的是唯理主义的法哲学观,而非限定主义范式体现的是实用主义的法哲学观。实用主义和唯理主义两种思维各有其真理性,也各有其片面性。仅就作为海难救助客体船舶的概念形成这一界面看,采用实用主义的界定法哲学范式与海难救助的实际更加契合。因而,再修《中华人民共和国海商法》关于海难救助客体之船舶的规定,采用实用主义的思维范式更具有合理性。

Limited paradigm and non-limited paradigm are two thinking approaches on defining the connotation and extension of the vessel as a savable subject matter. Limited paradigm embodies the rationalism philosophy of law and non - limited paradigm reflects the pragmatism philosophy of law. Pragmatism and rationalism, each holds their truth as well as their own one - sidedness. But from the aspect of formation of the concept of salvable vessel only, the approach of pragmatism is more in line with the objective law of salvage practice.Therefore, the revision of China＇s Maritime Code, which concerns to how to define the vessel as a savable subject matter, using the paradigm of pragmatism should be more rational.