烧伤科护士发生创伤后应激障碍的现状及其影响因素研究

Status quo and influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder in nurses in department of burn

[目的]探讨烧伤科护士创伤后应激障碍的发生状况及其影响因素。[方法]采用自编一般资料调查问卷、创伤后应激障碍检查量表平民版(PCL-C)、职业倦怠量表(MBI)、组织支持感量表(POS)对纳入本研究的烧伤科护士进行问卷调查。[结果]护士的不同工作年限、职称PCL-C得分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组织支持感中,除工具性支持与回避/麻木、警觉性增高两维度不具有相关性外,组织支持总分及各维度与PCL-C总分及各维度均呈负相关(P<0.05);职业倦怠中,除去人格化与重新体验、警觉性增高两维度不具有相关性外,各维度与PCL-C总分及各维度均呈正相关(P<0.05);回归分析显示,情感耗竭、情感性支持、低成就感是创伤后应激障碍发生的影响因素。[结论]烧伤科护士是创伤后应激障碍发生的高危人群,护理管理者应采取有针对性的措施维护其身心健康。

Objective:To probe into the status and influencing factors of post-traumatic stress disorder in nurses in department of burn.Methods:For inclusion in this study,65 nurses in department of burn were surveyed by self-designed general information questionnaire,PTSD checklist-civilian version(PCL-C),Maslach Burnout Inventory(MBI)and perceived organizational support scale(POS).Results:The work experience and title of nurse had influence on PCL-C score.In perceived organizational support,in addition to,there was no correlation between instrumental support and two dimensions which were avoidance/numbness and increased awareness.It showed a negative correlation between total organizational support and PCL-C in total score and each dimension(P<0.05).In MBI,there was no correlation between depersonalization and two dimensions which were reexperience and increased awareness.There was positively correlated between dimensions score and total score of PCL-C(P<0.05).Regression analysis showed that emotional exhaustion,emotional support and low achievement were the influencing factors of PTSD.Conclusion:The nurses in department of burn were the high risk group of PTSD.Nursing managers should take the measures to maintain their physical and mental health.