进展性脑挫裂伤危险因素及与预后关系的分析

Risk factors of progressive brain contusion and relationship with outcome

目的：探讨脑挫裂伤患者发生进展性脑挫裂伤的高危因素及与预后的相关性。方法：收集在浙江萧山医院就诊的脑挫裂伤病例共132例，按是否发生进展性脑挫裂伤分为进展性脑挫裂伤组（70例）与非进展性脑挫裂伤组（62例），对相关危险因素进行单因素分析和多因素Logistic回归分析，并比较两组患者6个月的预后。结果：单因素分析结果显示入院时格拉斯哥昏迷评分（GCS）、首次颅脑CT检查显示脑挫裂伤体积、中线移位、合并有颅骨骨折、蛛网膜下腔出血、硬膜外血肿、硬膜下血肿、2型糖尿病及脑挫裂伤部位、血清D-二聚体水平是进展性脑挫裂伤的影响因素。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示GCS、首次颅脑CT检查显示脑挫裂伤体积、合并蛛网膜下腔出血、合并2型糖尿病是进展性脑挫裂伤的独立危险因素，进展性脑挫裂伤患者预后更差（P〈0．01）。结论：意识障碍、脑挫裂伤范围大、合并有蛛网膜下腔出血及2型糖尿病是进展性脑挫裂伤的高危因素，此类患者预后较差，应加强病情监护。

Objective： To investigate the risk factors of progressive brain contusion and to evaluate their impact on patients＇ outcome. Methods： One hundred and thirty two patients with traumatic brain contusion were enrolled in the study, including 70 eases with progressive contusion and 62 cases with non-progressive contusion. The risk factors were investigated with univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results： The univariate analysis showed that Glasgow Coma Score （GCS） at admission, contusion volume at the first brain CT scans, midline shift, combined with skull fracture, subarachnoid hemorrhage, epidural hematoma, subdural hematoma, location of brain contusion, D-dimer levels, combined with type 2 diabetes were associated with progressive brain contusion. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that GCS at admission, contusion volume at the first CT scans, combined with subarachnoid hemorrhage, combined with type 2 diabetes were the independent risk factors for disease progression. The outcome in the progressive group was more aggravated than that in non-progressive group （P = 0. 001 ）. Conclusion： Patients with disturbance of consciousness, the larger contusion volume, combined with subarachnoid hemorrhage and diabetes are at risk for progressive brain contusion and unfavorable outcome.