丙型肝炎病毒基因型在中国大陆汉族慢性丙型肝炎患者中的分布特征

Distribution of HCV genotypes in Chinese Han population with chronic hepatitis C

目的：调查中国大陆汉族慢性丙型肝炎（CHC）患者的HCV基因型与地区分布、性别、HCV-RNA复制水平之间的关系。方法：选取来自中国大陆不同地区28家医院的1014例汉族CHC患者，对其性别、分布区域、HCV基因型、HCV-RNA复制水平等指标进行调查，用SPSS 20．0软件进行数据处理，采用X^2检验分析各指标的相互关系。结果：①中国大陆HCV1型患者人数最多（56．80％）；除西南、华南、华中地区外，其余地区HCV基因型分布频度均为HCV1型〉HCV2型〉HCV3型〉HCV6型。②HCV1型在华南地区男性患者多见（P〈0．05）；HCV2型在华北地区女性多见（P〈0．05）；HCV3型在华北、西北地区男性多见（P〈0．05）；HCV6型在西北地区男性多见（P〈0．05），其余各地区不同性别间HCV基因型分布差异无统计学意义。⑧在HCV1、HCV2、HCV3、HCV6型中，均多见HCV-RNA高水平复制，低水平复制患者数最少。结论：中国大陆汉族CHC患者HCV基因型在各地区分布不同，并与性别、HCV-RNA复制水平有关。

Objective： To investigate the distribution of HCV genotypes in Chinese Han population with chronic hepatitis C （CHC）. Methods： This randomized multicenter study included 1 014 CHC patients from 28 hospitals in different regions of China. SPSS 20.0 was applied to analyze the relationship among region, HCV genotype, gender and the replication level of HCV-RNA. Results： HCV 1 genotype （56.80%） was the most common genotype. The majority of CHC patients were of genotype 1, 2, 3, 6 in the order of frequency, except those in southwestern, southern and central China. HCV 1,2, 3, 6 genotypes were most common among male patients in southern China; among female patients in northern China; among male patients in northern and northwestern China and among male patients in northwestern China, respectively （ all P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no statistical significance between different genders in other regions. The high viral load was more common than the low viral load among HCV 1, 2, 3, 6 genotype-infected patients. Conclusion： There are different distributions of HCV genotypes among the different regions. In addition, HCV genotypes are correlated with gender and HCV-RNA load.