哈尼族传统聚落“垂直循环”特征解析与规划对策研究

The Study on the Vertical Circulation of Hani People Settlement System and Its Planning Strategies for Sustainable Development

哈尼族是居住在我国西南山区众多的少数民族之一。长期以来,独特的自然地理环境、生产生活方式和社会文化传统共同孕育了哈尼族极具特色的传统山地人居环境系统。选择云南省西双版纳州勐海县曼冈、贺回、吉坐3个哈尼村寨为典型案例,利用测绘、访谈等研究方法,探讨了其以"垂直循环"为特征的人居环境系统的构成和空间要素互动方式,总结了该垂直循环系统在近年来城镇化进程中的演变趋势和可持续发展的隐患,并提出了尊重自然规律、沿袭垂直循环特征的规划建设思路。研究为发掘哈尼传统聚落在实现人居活动与自然环境的良性互动关系,探讨西南少数民族维持山地人居环境系统的稳定可持续运转的传统经验提供了良好的实证研究成果,并期望能为今后的聚落生态系统重建提供有价值的启示。

Hani people are a group of ethnic minority habituated in mountainous areas in southwest China.The Hani special natural environment, the local social and cultural traditions and their own lifestyle finally generate their distinctive highland human habitat environment system. With case studies of three Hani villages named Mangang, Hehui and Jizuo in Xishuangbanna, this paper analyzes the composition and interaction of spatial elements of them. It summarizes the evolutions of the vertical circulation system within recent urbanization and also raises the risk of this vertical circulation system. It proposes a planning concept that respects the natural rule and represents the characteristics of vertical circulation. This paper explores how the traditional Hani People Settlement achieve a favourable interaction between the human activity and natural habitat, and also summarizes the experience from the ethnic minority in Southwest of China in keeping stability of entire ecosystems. This paper is also expected to provide valuable enlightenment for ecosystem reconstruction in the future.