西班牙古城麦地那·扎赫拉城市及园林

Spanish Ancient City Madinat Al-Zahra and Its Gardens

西班牙古城麦地那·扎赫拉是早期西班牙伊斯兰历史上最宏大和华丽的园林之一,对于研究西班牙伊斯兰城市和花园有着宝贵的价值。本文在实地调研和文献阅读的基础上,论述了扎赫拉城市的建造背景,结合平面和竖向研究了城市布局,再现了水系统和路网系统等城市基础设施,并就扎赫拉古城中三处集中的园林——君主花园、上层花园和下层花园进行了解读。最后文章总结了扎赫拉古城城市及园林特征为顺应自然地貌、园林与城市融合、城市结构与政治结合。

The ancient Spanish old city, Madinat Al-Zahra, is one of the grandest and most magnificent gardens in early Spanish Islamic history, with great value for people to study Spanish Islamic cities and gardens. Based on field investigation and literature review, this paper elaborated the construction background for Madinat Al-Zahra and studied the urban layout in terms of the plans and sections to describe the urban infrastructure such as water system and road system. It also interpreted the three gardens, including the Prince’s Garden, the Upper Garden and the Lower Garden that gathered around Zahra’s old city. Finaly, it summarized that the urban layout and garden features of Madinat Al-Zahra were developed according to its natural topography, the integration of gardens and city as wel as the integration of urban layout and politics.