一种新的矢量传感器线列阵波束形成算法

A new algorithm for vector sensor line array beamforming

为了提高基于矢量线列阵的目标方位估计能力,将基于时域解析信号实现最小方差无畸变响应(MVDR)的方法——TAMVDR算法引入到了矢量线列阵信号处理中,提出了实现矢量线列阵波束形成的VTAMVDR算法。理论分析了矢量线列阵VTAMVDR算法的原理,该算法通过Hilbert变换对时域宽带信号引入复权向量,不需要进行子带分割,且不需要对数据进行分块处理,获得稳定优化权向量估计所需要的数据长度远小于频域MVDR方法,数据长度合适时,单次快拍即可实现波束形成,大大降低了运算量。仿真和海上试验数据分析结果表明:VTMVDR算法相比于频域MVDR算法具有较好的性能,具有更高的分辨率和更窄的波束角,有更好的探测性能。

To improve performance of acoustic vector sensors for direction-of-arrival（ DOA） estimation,a new algorithm based on TAMVDR is used in vector line array signal processing,called VTAMVDR. The principle of VTAMVDR is analyzed theoretically. In the model,complex-weighted vector is introduced to time-domain wideband signals through Hilbert transformation. Thus,the narrow-band division and blocking process are avoided,and the data length required to obtain stable optimum weighted vector is far less shorter than frequency-domain MVDR method. The result of simulation and sea trial data analysis result show that,compared with frequencydomain MVDR method,VTMVDR algorithm has better performance,with higher resolution and narrower beam angle,and has better performance of detection.