当代小说“前史”的乡村化空间及其讲述——以陈翔鹤和《一个绅士的长成》为例

Rural Space and Its Literary Narration in“Pre-history”of Modern Novel——Take Chen Xianghe and A Gentleman Grows up as Examples

从文献材料及文学本身来看,20世纪40年代初的农民小说就已经浮现了与后来90年代市场化逻辑下的某些现实几乎逼似的情境。陈翔鹤发表于1941年的小说《一个绅士的长成》,可以说有着相当完整的当代乡村文学"前史"的意义。其中现代性与封建性之间的相遇,最终导致乡村化空间侵蚀并转换了原有的现代性空间。这一转换,同时导致了"公平正道"、"抗战的重要性"、"日趋繁荣"、"正义"等语词的意义的篡改。结果是,农民"解放"被改写和悬置了。小说讲述也可能留下了一些结构性的影响,其中的部分情景在20世纪90年代的作品中几乎没有任何改变地再次被复述了出来。

Judging from cultural materials and literary heritage, many novels written in 1940s about peasants life depict what can be seen mostly in partly market-oriented 1990s. A Gentleman Grows Up, a novel written by Chen Xianghe in 1941, can be regarded as a representative of＂pre-history＂ modern rural literature, had the very meaning of contemporary farmer fiction ＂pre-history＂. In the novel, modernity and feudalism contradicted to each other, resulting in the turning from rural space to modern space, met and finally caused the rural characteristic space eroded and converted the modernity space. The transition simultaneously leads to the deformation of some phrases, such as ＂fair play＂, ＂the importance for fighting the Japanese invasion＂, ＂increasing prosperity＂, ＂justice＂ etc.. Therefore, peasants ＂emancipation＂ was rewritten and delayed. The narration of the story also exerted structural influences on the writers of later generations--some scenes were repeated again in the fictions written in 1990s with little change.