基于气候因素制约的寒地体育场馆地域适应性设计研究

Regional Adaptable Design of Sports Venues in Response to Cold Climate

人、建筑、环境构成了一个相互联系,相互作用的有机整体。寒冷地区,地域的自然环境、社会文化和人的行为习惯受气候条件的影响,形成了具有鲜明特征的整体环境。体育建筑作为一种独特的建筑类型,其使用功能、建筑形态、空间性能和应用技术与众不同。本文以寒地体育场馆为研究对象,将调查研究与设计实践相结合,从功能适需、形态适地、空间适候、技术适宜4个方面,通过对国内外案例的综合分析,探索寒地体育场馆地域适应性设计策略。旨在使寒地体育场馆与当地的地域环境有机结合,实现低碳高效,可持续发展的设计目标。

People, climate and architecture relate to each other and form an organic system. In cold regions, the natural environment, culture and human behavior are affected by climate conditions, and manifest common and distinctive features. As a unique building type, the function, form, space, performance and technology of sports venues are different from other buildings. In this paper, by analyzing the result of the surveys of the competitive sports and fitness behavior characteristics, as well as the conditions of the building and using of the sports venues in winter-cities, the relationship between the adaptability of the venue and the cold climate and the influencing factors are elucidated. Then in combination with the design practices and case study, the design strategies to improve the regional adaptability are explored from the four aspects as follows： the function fitting the needs of society, the form fitting the regional landscape, the physical performance fitting the cold climate and the suitability of technologies, in order to realize the design aims of the sports venues in cold region to implement low-carbon, high-efficiency and sustainable development.