专业分工时代的全体论方法

A Holistic Approach at a Time of Specialisation

工业时代之前的建筑学,无论是在西方还是在东方,都被默认以全体论的方式存在：思想与操作的连贯。学理与工法的融汇,知识与技能的共轭,自然科学、哲学、神学、文学、美术、音乐、手工艺的精通;阿尔伯蒂、帕拉第奥、丢勒、鲁班……建筑师实乃全才之谓,＂哲匠＂之范。工业化的不断演进带来的专业分工的不断加剧,戏剧化膨胀的浩瀚知识体系使得＂全才＂不再可能存在。文艺复兴式的通科达人的最近闪现也要追溯到19世纪黄金时代的俄罗斯了。

Architecture used to be holistic in the pre-industrial age, both in the East and in the West. Across the world, there was continuity in architectural thinking and operation, theory and tectonics, knowledge and skills. In architects those of Alberti, Palladio, Dueller and Lu Ban, we found individuals that were masters-of-everything. They were de facto philosopher-builders.