大学宿舍床具与用床的动作及安全分析

Bed in Academic Dormitory and Action & Safety Analysis in Bed Using Process

人的一生约有1/3时间在床上度过,良好的睡眠对生活工作都很重要,特别是在校大学生,知识摄取任务重,确保睡眠质量和精力充沛对学习生活必不可少。床是学生睡眠质量保证的前提,为节省空间,目前大学普遍使用的是双层床,上层作卧,下层作书桌空间,因上层需攀爬,已成为动作多而复杂、使用难度大和安全风险大的床体类型。依据问卷调查结果,大部分学生对现在学校用床并不满意,国家或行业标准也还没有具体的学校用床规范。为此,本研究从人体的基本动作机能出发,探讨影响大学生用床的相关因素,分析床体使用过程中的构造性弱点,在区分宿舍空间行走动作和攀爬床体为主的垂直动作基础上,运用工效学原理进一步分析梳理学生用床的动作与安全特点,为设计科研提供技术参考。

It takes us about one-third of all one＇s life to stay in bed. Good sleeping is important for people＇s living and working, especially for the undergraduate in academy. They take heavy task to acquire knowledge, it is necessary to keep sleeping quality and enough energy in their school time. The premise to assure sleeping quality of the undergraduate is bed. For saving space, all academy use bunk bed in general presently, whose upper floor is used for sleeping and lower floor works as reading space. It is necessary to climb upper floor, so the bunk bed has become one kinds of bed that is used with complicated activities, high difficulty and more security risk. As a result of a question investigation, most undergraduate are not satisfied with current bed in dormitory, furthermore, there are not any national or industrial standards relevant to dormitory bed. Therefore, this study starts from the basic function of human motions, discusses relevant reasons influencing bed usage in dormitory, analyses the constructive weakness in using process. On basis of division between the walking act in dormitory and the vertical motion climbing upper floor, this study takes advantages of principles of the ergonomics to make further conclusion about the peculiarities of action safety in bed using process, and provides technical reference for the design and research of dormitory bed.