基本公共服务权利的性质和内容

The Nature and Content of the Right to Enjoy Fundamental Public Services

基本公共服务以维护人性尊严和实现社会分配正义为价值目标,享有基本公共服务是公民的一项基本权利,公民获得基本公共服务应该被法定化。基本公共服务权利具有宪法和国际人权条约上的法律依据,但是其规范内容有待立法作进一步具体化。就现阶段中国而言,基本公共服务权利主要包括保障工作权、提供社会保障服务、提供免费义务教育和提供公共卫生和基本医疗服务这四个方面。

Fundamental public services are provided by many states to observe human dignity and pursue the distributive justice. Every citizen shall have the right to enjoy fundamental public services, and this right should be legalized as a fundamental human right in modern society. Although this kind of right is recognized by many constitutions and international human rights treaties, its normative content needs to be more specific. At the present time, the contents of the right to enjoy fundamental public services include preserving right to work,providing fundamental social security, providing compulsory primary education which is available free to all,providing fundamental health care and healthy environments.