从形式之美到价值之美:政治美学的历程

From Form Beauty to Value Beauty:the Course of Political Aesthetics

外在自然的政治现实与内在自然的政治理想之间存在着张力,如何协调两者关系从而完成政治自然向政治自由的过渡,正是政治美学所要解决的问题。在调和两者对抗从而产生和谐美感的过程中,表现出了无目的政治美感与合目的政治美感。通过分析这两种美感,可以发现政治之美是由追求无目的的形式之美与追求实质目的的价值之美所组成的。形式之美促使公民从形式、秩序的角度去欣赏具体的政治制度的设计;而价值之美则促使公民去寻求道德价值,以内在道德情感为目的。政治美学经历着从形式之美到价值之美的升华之路,因而政治审美最终目的就是在把握形式之美的基础上,进一步转而领会与追求价值之美,将道德价值作为政治美学的本源所在,从而去思考在政治生活中的道德价值的存在意义。

There is the tension between political reality in external nature and political ideal in inner nature.Political aesthetics can coordinate its relationship so that the political nature transits to political freedom.In the process of reconciling its contradiction so that the harmonious aesthetic feeling can be formed,aimless political aesthetic feeling and aimconformable political aesthetic feeling can be showed. After analyzing two kinds of aesthetic feeling, we find that political aesthetics is composed of form beau- ty that pursues aimless form and value beauty that pursues essential purpose.The form beauty lets citi- zens enjoy the design of the specific political system in angle of form and order.But the value beauty lets citizens seek the moral value that conforms to their inner moral feeling. Political aesthetics experiences sublimation from form beauty to value beauty,therefore the ultimate goal of political aesthetics is on the basis of grasping form beauty, understanding and pursuing value beauty in that moral value can be the source of political aesthetics.So citizens can think about the existence meaning of moral value in the po- litical life.