肉牛剩余采食量与瘤胃微生物菌群关系

Relationship between the Rumen Microbiome and Residual Feed Intake in Beef Cattle: a Review

剩余采食量(RFI)是肉牛实际采食量与预期采食量之间的差值,是评定肉牛饲料效率的有效指标。肉牛的能量代谢差异在很大程度上可以解释其RFI差异,而肉牛瘤胃中复杂的微生物菌群结构在瘤胃发酵及其能量代谢方面起着重要作用。因此本文主要对最近几年国外采用PCR-变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)、文库克隆测序、实时定量PCR和高通量测序技术研究肉牛RFI表型与瘤胃中的细菌菌群和甲烷菌菌群结构之间的关系所取得的进展进行总结,并介绍RFI的主要预测模型。

Residual feed intake（ RFI） is defined as the difference between an animal＇s actual feed intake and its expected feed requirements,and RFI is an effective indicator to assess feed efficiency of beef cattle. The differences in energy metabolism can account for most variance in RFI of animal,and the complex communities of microorganisms in the rumen play an important role in rumen fermentation and energy metabolism of cattle. This reviewsummarized the research progress in studies on the relationship between the rumen bacteria and methanogen community and residual feed intake in beef cattle using PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（ DGGE）,library cloning-sequencing,real time PCR and high-throughput sequencing technologies in recent years,and introduced popular prediction models of RFI.