肉禽卵内给养研究进展

Research Progress of in Ovo Feeding in Meat-Type Poultry

家禽胚胎在孵化后期发育迅速,基础代谢旺盛,对能量和营养成分的需要较高,在此阶段胚胎极易发生能量或其他营养素入不敷出的情况。通过卵内给养将外源物质补充到胚蛋中,促进雏禽在孵化后期及出壳后的生长发育,有利于其生产性能和遗传潜力的发挥。文章从卵内给养的必要性、方法、对家禽个体和系统(肠道、肌肉、免疫机能、骨骼等)发育以及孵化率的影响,卵内给养的物质种类等方面进行综合论述,旨在讨论肉禽卵内给养的研究现状和应用前景,为后续研究提供理论依据和参考。

Due to the avian embryonic rapid development and vigorous basal metabolism in the last of incubation, that needs more energy and nutrients. During this stage the embryonic energy and other nutrient reserves are insufficient. In ovo feeding （ IOF）, which is the administration of exogenous nutrients into the poultry embryo, promote the pre- and posthatch growth, which is favorable to the performance and the display of genetic potential. This paper reviewed the necessity of in ovo feeding for poultry embryo, the methods, the influence of individual or tissue development of poultry （ intestinal, muscle, immune function, bone, et al）, and discussed its effects on hatchability and types of material which was used in ovo injection. This review aimed to discuss the research status and prospect applications of in ovo feeding in meat-type poultry, and provided theoretical basis and reference for related research.