饲粮游离棉酚水平对蛋鸡肝脏棉酚蓄积及生产性能、蛋品质的影响

Effects of Dietary Free Gossypol Levels on Liver Gossypol Accumulation,Performance and Egg Quality of Laying Hens

本试验旨在探讨含游离棉酚饲粮长期饲喂蛋鸡的肝脏中棉酚蓄积规律及其对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响,为更好地利用棉籽粕资源提供理论支持。选取23周龄海兰褐蛋鸡270只,随机分为3组,饲粮中游离棉酚水平分别为0、20和40 mg/kg,试验期45周。结果表明：长期饲喂含游离棉酚饲粮造成了蛋鸡肝脏中游离棉酚的蓄积,且呈剂量效应,引起肝细胞结构紊乱和损伤,不同游离棉酚水平饲粮长期饲喂未引起蛋鸡生产性能和产蛋性能的显著性变化（P〉0.05）,但产蛋后期（31-45周）蛋鸡死淘率显著升高（P〈0.05）,而且1-10周蛋黄颜色显著增大（P〈0.05）。由此可见,含游离棉酚饲粮长期饲喂蛋鸡造成其肝脏中游离棉酚的蓄积,进而影响其肝脏功能,饲粮游离棉酚含量为20和40 mg/kg时对蛋鸡生产性能影响较小,但加重了产蛋后期蛋鸡死淘率。结果提示,蛋鸡死淘率的增加可能源于棉酚蓄积毒性造成的肝脏损伤。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of hepatic gossypol accumulation and the performance and egg quality of laying hens which long-term feeding with diet containing free gossypol,in order to provide theoretical support to make better use of cotton meal resources. Two hundred and seventy Hy-Line brown laying hens of 23-week-old were randomly subjected to three groups for 45 weeks,the content of free gossypol in three diets was 0,20 and 40 mg / kg,respectively. The results showed that laying hens fed with free gossypol diet for long-term induced the accumulation of free gossypol in the liver,lead to disorder and injury of hepatic cell structure. Compared with the control group,long-term fed with free gossypol diets had no significantly effect on performance and laying performance of laying hens（ P〉0. 05）,but significantly increased the mortality and elimination rate at later stage（ from 31 to 45 weeks） and increased yolk color from 1 to 10 weeks（ P〈0. 05）. It is concluded that long-term feeding with gossypol diet can result in accumulation of free gossypol in hens＇ liver,and then the gossypol toxicity induce liver injury and affect liver function. Although diets containing 20 or 40 mg / kg free gossypol have little effect on the performance and laying performance of laying hens,but the mortality and elimination rate at later stage of hens are significant high. Results indicate that the higher mortality and elimination rate of hens may be connected with the cumulative toxicity of gossypol in liver.