煤矿深孔爆破地震波传播规律与能量分析

Seismic Wave Propagation Law and Energy Analysis of Coalmine Deep Hole Blasting

通过现场爆破振动监测,获得了煤矿综采面硬岩段深孔松动爆破地震波的衰减规律;采用sym5小波基对典型振动信号进行分解,研究爆破地震波的能量分布特征。结果表明：深孔松动爆破振动的持续时间为150 ms左右,振动速度三方向分量中径向分量最大;主振频率分布在40~60 Hz,能量主要集中在30~65 Hz的频带范围,存在强烈爆破振动造成岩石崩落对管线设备造成危害的可能。根据衰减规律,得到深孔爆破的单段最大允许药量,提出施工时控制单段最大药量和加强爆破炮孔周围防护,保证了施工安全。

According to blasting vibration field monitoring,deep hole loose blasting seismic wave attenuation law in hard rocks in fully mechanized mining working face was obtained. Typical vibration signal was decomposed by sym5 wavelet basis,to study energy distribution of blasting seismic wave. The results showed that blasting vibration duration is about 150 ms,and the value of vibration radial component velocity is the largest in three directions; main vibration frequency distribution in 40 ~ 60 Hz; the largest energy mainly concentrated in frequency range of 30 ~ 65 Hz,which probably causes pipeline and equipment breaking by collapsing rocks. According to attenuation law,the permitted single shot charge of deep hole loosening blasting in the site was calculated. The measures to ensure safety during construction were proposed such as limitation of charge for single blasting and strengthening protection around blasting holes during construction.