德国应用科技大学发展历程及其启示

The Development Process and the Enlightment of the Universities of Applied Sciences in Germany

德国应用科技大学兴起于20世纪60年代末期,经历了创立、成长与壮大等不同发展阶段,在学校定位、专业设置、学位授予、国际化办学等方面形成了鲜明特色,是高素质应用型人才的摇篮,已成为德国"h"型高等教育体系不可或缺的组成部分。对我国而言,要以现代职业教育发展政策为抓手,加大应用型人才培养力度;完善高等教育衔接机制,积极构建交叉渗透新型高等教育立交桥;围绕地方经济社会发展需要,调整专业设置思路,切实为社会培养高素质应用型人才。

The universities of applied sciences in Germany sprang up in the late 1960s. After experiencing the stages of founding, growing and expanding, these universities formed distinctive characteristics on the aspects of schools orientation, program establishment, degree-granting, interna- tional school-running and so on. They are the cradles of senior application talents, and have become an integral part of the ＂h＂ type higher education system in Germany. For our country, we should take the policy of the modern vocational education as the starting point and seize the opportunity to strengthen the force to cultivate application talents. We should perfect the cohesive mechanism of the higher education, then we can build new cross-penetration overpass of higher education actively. And we should also focus on the local economic and social development needs and adjust the ideas of curric- ulum establishment to cultivate senior application talents for the society feasibly.