江苏农户家庭收支及财产情况分析

An Analysis of Jiangsu Rural Economy

2014年为配合国家调查队的千村调查计划,国家统计局江苏调查总队与社科院农村发展研究所联合组织实施了江苏农村经济运行情况问卷调查,此次调查共随机抽样了全省范围内49个县(市、区)的49个行政村(苏南16个、苏中13个、苏北20个)。包宗顺在《村级集体经济运转情况分析》一文中对49个样本村集体经济运转情况(总收入、总支出、资产与负债、经济运转能力和社区股份合作社)进行了调查,发现江苏村均集体收入水平很高,但地区之间、村村之间差距较大;地区之间村集体支出有明显差异;村集体总资产南北差距较大;村集体负债结构为非生产经营性负债,施工单位成为村集体负债主要债权方。周春芳在《关于江苏土地规模经营及流转情况的调查分析》一文中指出,江苏农户土地经营规模出现了分化,表现为无地农户与经营大户并存,在人多地少的国情下,土地流转是实现农业规模经营的前提和基础,而进一步推动农业规模经营需深化农村土地改革制度、建立土地流转良性机制、提高农村社会保障水平和推进"以人为本"的城镇化战略。从曹明霞的《江苏农户家庭收支及财产情况分析》一文中可以发现,江苏农户人均收入远高于全国水平,且农户的生活消费支出以日常开支为主,家庭主要财产主要包括承包地、宅基地、住房和家用大件耐用消费品。文中针对江苏农户的增收困难也提出了深化农村改革、发展现代农业、加快农业科技体制创新等策略。

To help the National Investigation Team finish its Survey Project of a Thousand Villages, Jiangsu Provincial Investigation Team, in cooperation with the Institute of Rural Development of Jiangsu A- cademy of Social Sciences, investigated 49 villages. 16 were in southern Jiangsu, 13 in middle Jiangsu and 20 in northern Jiangsu. After surveying, an analysis of village collective economy was done to show that the average income level of Jiangsu village collective income was high despite the gap between regions and between villages, that there was a big gap between village expenditure in different regions, that there was a big dis crepancy between village assets in southern Jiangsu and those in northern Jiangsu, and that village liabilities were non-operational ones, and the chief debtor was construction companies or individuals. Zhou found in the scale of cultivation that landless households lived side by side with big cultivators, but lands were still fairly segmented that, in present China with more people but less cultivatable lands, land transfer would be the premise and base of large-scale agricultural operation, but further large-scale agricultural operation needs the deepening of systemic reform, the smooth running mechanism of land transfer, the rising of rural social security level, and an urbanization strategy centered on man. And Cao found that the average agricultural in- come per capita in Jiangsu was much higher than the national average, the main expenditures were the daily expenditures, and the household assets consisted chiefly of lands contracted, homesteads, houses and furniture. Measures like deepening rural reform, developing modern agriculture and accelerating the systemic innovation of agricultural technology were also put forward to overcome the difficulty in income rising in Jiangsu agriculture.