济南地区河流浮游植物功能群与环境因子的关系

Relationship between phytoplankton functional groups and environmental factors in Jinan region,Shandong Province

为了解济南地区浮游植物群落结构特征,于2014年5月(丰水期)和2014年10月(枯水期)对济南地区浮游植物群落结构和水环境因子进行了野外调查,通过计算香农威纳指数、均匀度指数,对浮游植物功能群进行划分,以及采用典范对应分析等方法,分析了济南地区浮游植物群落的组成和结构特征。结果表明:丰水期和枯水期浮游植物种类分别为90和66种,平均物种密度分别为3.94×106、8.12×106cells/L,平均香农威纳指数分别为3.14和2.72,平均均匀度指数分别为1.07和1.14;全流域共划分出浮游植物功能群17类,丰水期17类,枯水期12类,均以MP类物种数最多;典范对应分析得出,在黄河水系,影响丰水期浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因子是总磷和水温,枯水期为p H;在淮河水系,丰水期浮游植物群落结构的驱动因子是电导率,枯水期为溶解氧。研究表明,济南地区两流域内,不同水文时期浮游植物功能群的动态变化相对明显。

The community structure of phytoplankton and environmental factors were investigated in Jinan region in May of 2014（wet season） and in October of 2014 （dry season）, and the structural characteristics of the phyto-plankton functional groups were evaluated by Shannon-Weiner index, Pielou index, Canonical correspondence a-nalysis and other methods to elucidate the relationship between the community structure of phytoplankton and the associated environmental factors. Ninety phytoplankton species were found in wet season and 66 species were ob-served in dry season, with average phytoplankton density of 3. 94×106cells/L in wet season and 8. 12×106cells/L in dry season, Shannon-Wiener index of 2. 72 in wet season and 3. 14 in dry season, and Pielou index of 1. 07 in wet season and 1. 14 in dry season. There were 17 phytoplankton functional groups in the whole basin of Jinan re-gion, 17 groups in wet season and 12 groups in dry season, and with the maximal MP functional group among the representative phytoplankton functional groups. Multi-response permutation procedures showed that there was a sig-nificant spatial heterogeneity in the phytoplankton community structure and spatial distribution between wet season and dry season. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that phytoplankton community structure was heavily de-pendent of the interactions between dissolved total phosphorus（TP）and water temperature（Temp）in the wet sea-son. While pH was the main environmental factors imposing restrictions on phytoplankton community structure in the dry season in Huang River. In Huai River, the primarily environmental factors limiting phytoplankton communi-ty was electrical conductivity in wet season, while DO was the main factor in dry season. It is concluded that the dynamic changes in phytoplankton functional groups in the two river basins are relatively obvious in Jinan Region.