北太平洋长鳍金枪鱼渔业生物学特性的初步研究

Fishery biology of albacore Thunnus alalunga in the North Pacific Ocean

根据2013年10月—2014年2月北太平洋海域长鳍金枪鱼Thunnus alalunga资源探捕项目期间收集的调查数据,对长鳍金枪鱼渔业生物学特性进行了研究。结果表明：北太平洋长鳍金枪鱼叉长范围为63~122 cm,平均叉长为85.08 cm,优势叉长为81~90 cm （占总数的78.18%）；体质量范围为5~27 kg,平均体质量为11.11 kg,优势体质量组为9~12 kg （占总数的79.29%）,雌雄个体叉长、体质量均不存在显著性差异（P〉0.05）；叉长（FL, cm）与体质量（W, kg）的关系式为 W总体=0.0004 FL2.3249, W雄性=0.0003 FL2.3875, W雌性=0.0005 FL2.2515；雌雄性别比为1：1.17,雌性性腺成熟度以Ⅱ、Ⅲ期为主（占84.69%）,雄性以Ⅱ期为主（占41.61%）；摄食等级以1、2级为主（占82%）,空胃率达到26.25%,胃含物中鲐鱼占大多数（占47.50%）。

The biological features of albacore Thunnus alalunga were analyzed based on the data collected during the North Pacific albacore tuna resources exploration supported by Ministry of Agriculture in the North Pacific Ocean from October 2013 to February 2014. Results showed that albacore had fork length （FL） from 63 to 122 cm,with an average FL of 85. 08 cm and dominant FL of 81-90 cm （78. 18%）. The albacore body weight（W） was ranged from 5 to 27 kg,with an average weight of 11. 11 kg and dominant body weight of 9-12 kg （79. 29%）. There were no significant differences in size including fork length and body weight between male and female albacore by testing （P〉0. 05）. The length-weight relationship was expressed as W=0. 0004 FL2.3249 for both males and females, W=0. 0003 FL2. 3875 for males, and W=0. 0005 FL2. 2515 for females. The sex ratio of female to male was 1：1. 17. The females had ovary with dominant stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ （ 84 . 69%） , and the males had testis with dominant stage Ⅱ（41. 61%）. The albacore showed feeding stage of 1 and 2（82%） with mackerel （47. 50%） in the stomach and 26. 25% individuals were devoid of food in stomach.