酶制剂与益生菌对肉鸭生产性能的影响

Effects of Enzymes and Probiotic on Duck Performance

研究复合酶制剂和益生菌（单一的枯草芽孢杆菌制剂）对肉鸭生产性能以及肠道酶活、大肠杆菌的影响。960羽1日龄肉鸭随机分为4组，分别为对照组、复合酶组、益生菌组、酶＋菌组，每组12个重复，每重复20羽。试验期35日。试验结果显示，和对照组相比，试验前期（1～2周）及试验后期（3～5周）复合酶组、益生菌组、酶＋菌组显著提高了肉鸭的日增重、降低了采食量、料肉比和死淘率（P〈0．05），提高了十二指肠淀粉酶、二糖酶的酶活，降低了空肠粪便中大肠杆菌的含量（P〈0．05），复合酶组与酶＋菌组无显著差异，两组日增重及淀粉酶活性皆高于益生菌组（P〈0．05）。复合酶与益生菌的协同效应不显著。试验结果表明，肉鸭饲料中添加复合酶制剂、益生菌、复合酶与益生菌的复配产品，皆可以提高肉鸭的生产性能，效果以复配产品最好。

The study investigated the effects of enzymes and probiotic （ Bacillus subtilis） on production performance and intestinal enzyme activity as well as fecal E. coil for ducks. 960 ducks were randomly assigned to 4 treatment groups with 12 replicates in each group and 20 ducks in each replicate. The four groups were the control group, the enzymes group, the probiotic group, the enzymes plus probiotic group. Experimental period lasted 35 d. Compared with the control group in the earlier stage （1 - 2 week） and later stage （3 - 5 week）, the daily weight gain increased and the feed intake, feed/gain, and the ratio of death and culling decreased significantly in the enzyme group, the probiotic group and the enzyme plus probiotic group （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and the activities of amylase and disaccharidase in duodenum rised and the content of E. coli in jejunum stool reduced （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Further, the supplementing of enzymes plus probiotic showed no significant effects on the above parameters compared with enzymes, and showed significant influence on the daily gain and amylase activities compared with probiotic （ P 〈0. 05）. Synergistic effect between enzymes and probiotic is not significant. The results indicated that adding enzymes, probiotic or enzymes plus probiotic could improve the growth performance of ducks and suggested adding the mixture of enzymes and probiotic in diet.