直线电机地铁车辆电机的隔振优化分析

Optimization Analysis of Vibration Isolation of Linear Motor of Metro Vehicles

针对国内某型直线电机地铁车辆簧下结构振动剧烈,亦导致直线电机的橡胶节点老化和损坏的问题。将整个直线电机悬挂看作一个隔振系统,利用传递函数建立3自由度的位移函数矩阵,分析直线电机系统的隔振特性。选取不同的优化因子来对电机悬挂系统各橡胶关节的刚度进行优化分析。计算结果对比发现:取优化因子为0.1来优化均衡梁支承垫和吊杆节点垂向刚度时,传递函数值有了明显降低,系统的垂向隔振性能得到了明显的改善。进一步将优化前后的地铁车辆进行动力学分析发现,在轨道不平顺激励下,优化后的模型电机振动加速度的幅值和频率都有了明显降低,并且能够迅速收敛。优化刚度对地铁车辆直线电机悬挂系统的振动隔离是十分有意义的。

For the aging and wear of the rubber nodal points of linear motor due to the drastic vibration of unsprung structure of certain type of linear motor at home,the method of taking the whole linear motor suspension as a vibration isolation system is introduced.A displacement functional matrix with three degrees of freedom can be established through transfer function,and the analysis of characteristics of vibration isolation of the linear motor system can be attained.The optimization analysis of the rubber joint stiffness of linear motor suspension system can be performed through choosing different optional factors.Compared with the calculation results,the obvious decrease of the value of transfer function and the apparently functional improvement of vertical vibration isolation can be found when the optimizing factor is selected as 0.1 to optimize the support pad of the suspension beam and the vertical stiffness of the hanger node.Through further comparison and dynamics analysis of metro vehicles before and after optimization,the result shows that the amplitude and frequency of vibration acceleration of after-optimized model motor decrease obviously and can quickly converge.The stiffness optimization of suspension system of linear motor of metro vehicles is of great significance for its vibration isolation function.