树莓叶果黄酮类化合物含量及抗氧化性分析

Analysis on the Content and Antioxidant Activity of Flavones in Leaf and Fruit of Raspberry

以树莓（Rubus idaeus L.）品种美国22、欧洲红、金秋、黑树莓为试材,于2013年5~8月采集结果枝和根蘖苗中部叶片、青果、熟果,利用超声波法和Na NO2-Al（NO3）3比色法测定黄酮类化合物含量。结果表明,4个品种叶片的黄酮类化合物含量均在6月末最高,欧洲红和美国22结果枝叶片的高于根蘖苗叶片;青果高于熟果,品种间的含量高低为金秋、美国22、欧洲红、黑树莓,同一品种叶片的黄酮类化合物含量高于果实。叶片的黄酮类化合物对4种自由基（·OH、O2-·、ABTS·、DPPH·）的清除能力均在6月末最强,青果高于熟果和叶片,青果中金秋的清除能力最强。

The leaves of fertile branch and rootsuckers, green fruit and ripe fruit of four raspberry（Rubus idaeus L.） cultivars, R. idaeus cv. American 22, R. idaeus cv. European Red, R. idaeus cv. Fall Gold and R. idaeus cv. Black Raspberry were collected from May to August in 2013 and used as test material. The flavones content was measured by ultrasonic and Na NO2-Al（NO3）3colorimetry method. The results showed that, the flavones content in the leaf of four raspberry cultivars all reached the highest at the end of June. The flavones content in leaves from fertile branch of R. idaeus cv. American 22 and R. idaeus cv. European Red was higher than that in rootsuckers, higher in green fruit than in ripe fruit. Among different cultivars, the order of flavones content form high to low was R. idaeus cv. Fall Gold, R. idaeus cv. American 22, R. idaeus cv. European Red, R. idaeus cv. Black Raspberry; the flavones content in leaf was higher than in fruit of the same cultivar.The scavenging capacity on four free radicals, ·OH, O2-·, ABTS·, DPPH·, in leaf of four raspberry cultivars all reached the zenith at the end of June. The scavenging capacity on free radicals of green fruit was stronger than ripe fruit and leaf.Among all raspberry cultivars, the green fruit of R. idaeus cv.Fall Gold had the strongest scavenging capacity.