长江口北港航道开发治理思路

Ideas on development and regulation of North Channel at the Yangtze River estuary

随着长江口主航道通航压力的不断加大,北港航道治理工程已被列入《长江口航道发展规划》、《长江经济带综合立体交通走廊规划(2014—2020年)》等规划之中。在总体把握北港河势现状和碍航性质的基础上,结合当前长江口航道发展面临的内外部形势,全面分析北港航道开发的各种有利条件和约束因素,探讨其治理思路。分析表明,北港航道已基本具备可开发性,但同时面临崇明东滩鸟类国家级自然保护区、中华鲟自然保护区、青草沙水源地等约束限制。从分期推进的战略角度出发,初步形成的北港航道治理思路是先期开通6 m航道,再结合横沙深水新港建设等周边需求协同开发。

With the increase of the navigable pressure of main channel in the Yangtze estuary, the waterway regulation project of North Channel has been included in the Yangtze Estuary Waterway Development Plan and Yangtze River Economic Belt Comprehensive Three-dimensional Transportation Corridor Plan （2014—2020）. Based on overall mastery of current situation of river regime and navigation-obstructing properties in the North Channel, all kinds of advantages and constraints of channel development in the North Channel are comprehensively analyzed combined with the internal and external situation of Yangtze Estuary waterway development, and then the ideas of channel regulation are discussed further. The analysis result is that North Channel is basically exploitable for waterway transport, but meanwhile which may be limited by the factors of Chongming Dongtan Birds National Nature Reserve, Chinese Sturgeon Nature Reserve and Qingcaosha Reservoir. From the strategic perspective of staged implementation, preliminary ideas on regulation of North Channel are firstly opening the navigation channel with 6 m water depth and then cooperative development with the surrounding needs of building new deepwater port in Hengsha.