抑郁症患者、社会公众、精神科医护人员对抑郁症人群的刻板印象研究

Stereotypes of depression patients, social public and psychiatrist-nurse on depression people

目的探讨抑郁症患者、社会公众、精神科医护人员对抑郁症人群的外显、内隐刻板印象特征。方法选取符合入组条件的抑郁症患者61人，社会公众55人，精神科医护人员56人，所有被试均接受关于抑郁症人群的外显刻板印象与内隐刻板印象的测验。结果抑郁症患者、社会公众、精神科医护人员在积极外显刻板印象上差异有统计学意义[分别为（2．31±1．60）分，（2．43±1．55）分，（3．12±1．58）分，F=23．22，P=0．00]，LSD多重比较显示抑郁症患者组与精神科医护人员组、社会公众组与精神科医护人员组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；三组被试在消极外显刻板印象上差异有统计学意义[分别为（4．09±2．22）分，（3．97±2．01）分，（3．23±1．64）分，F=30．16，p=0．00]，LSD多重比较显示抑郁症患者组与精神科医护人员组、社会公众组与精神科医护人员组之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；三组被试在内隐刻板印象的IAT测量上均为负数，三组被试比较差异无统计学意义（F=2．03，P=0．12）。结论抑郁症患者、社会公众、精神科医护人员对抑郁症人群均表现出消极的内隐刻板印象，但仅精神科医护人员对抑郁症人群表现出积极的外显刻板印象。

Object To explore the difference of explicit and implicit depression stereotypes for people with major depressive disorder, social public, psychiatrists and nurses. Methods 61 major depressive disorder patients（MDD） ,55 social public people（SPP） and 56 psychiatrists and nurses（PN） were enrolled. All participants were measured by explicit depression stereotype evaluations and implicit association tests. Results There was significantly difference on the positive explicit stereotype scores about depressive stereotypes （DS） among the MDD （ 2.31±1.60）, SPP（ 2.43±1.55） and PN（ 3.12± 1.58 ） （F= 23.22, P= 0.00） .LSD test showed significantly difference on the positive explicit stereotype scores about DS between the MDD and PN,with the similar to the SPP and the PN（P〈0.05）.There was significantly difference on the negative explicit stereotype scores about DS among the MDD（4.09±2.22）, SPP（ 3.97±2.01 ） and PN（ 3.23± 1.64） （F= 30.16, P= 0.00） .LSD test showed significantly difference on the negative explicit stereotype scores about DS between the MDD and PN ,with the similar to the SPP and the PN （P〈 0. 05 ） . There was no significantly difference on the implicit stereotype scores about DS among the MDD,SPP and PN（F= 2.03, P= 0.12）. Conclusion The MDD,SPP and PN show negative impieit stereotype about DS.However,the PN shows positive explicit stereotype about DS.