维吾尔族与汉族抑郁症人格特征多维度比较

Personality of Han and Uygur patients with depression： a multi-dimensional comparative study

目的比较维吾尔族与汉族人格差异及对抑郁症的影响。方法选取住院抑郁症患者：维吾尔族44例，汉族73例，及汉族正常对照组41名。采用明尼苏达多相人格调查表（Minnesotamultiphasicpersonalityinventory，MMPI）、艾森克人格问卷（Eysenckpersonalityquestionnaire，EPQ）和卡特尔16种人格因素测验（Cattell＇s16personalityfactor，16PF）进行测查。结果MMPI维族抑郁症组F、Hs、D、Hy、Mf、Pt、Pa和sc的T分均值高于70分，汉族抑郁症组Hs、D、Hy和Pa的T分均值高于70分。维族抑郁症组与汉族抑郁症组比较只有F[（76．98±16．01）分vs（67．16±13．51）分，P〈0．01]、Pt[（72．09±14．22）分vs（66．82±11．12）分，P〈0．05]和Sc[（73．43±13．02）分vs（68．62±11．14）分，P〈0．05]差异有统计学意义，其他7个量表均差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。而汉族抑郁症组与汉族正常对照组除Pd差异无统计学意义外（P〉0．05），其他9个量表均差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。EPQ维族抑郁症组与汉族抑郁症组比较：精神质、内外向、神经质和掩饰性4个量表均差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。而汉族抑郁症组与汉族正常对照组比较，4个量表均差异有统计学意义[（57．12±13．01）分vs（45．32±11．42）分；（42．70±10．59）分VS（47．11±10．88）分；（66．98±6．85）分vs（54．10±9．15）分；（43．15±10．85）分vs（52．95_＋8．16）分，均P〈0．01]。16PF维族抑郁症组与汉族抑郁症组比较，仅智慧性B（P〈0．01）、独立性Q2（P〈0．05）两组差异有统计学意义，其他各人格维度均差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。汉族抑郁症组与汉族正常对照组比较，在乐群性A、稳定性C、兴奋性D、有恒性G、敢为性H、敏感性I、怀疑性L、忧虑性O、自律性Q3、紧张性Q4（均P〈0．01）和实验性Q1（P〈0．05）两组得分均差异有统计学意义。智慧性B，恃强性E，幻想性M，世故性N，独立性Q2两组差异无统计学意义（均P〉0．05）。结论抑郁症的人格模型在维汉民族之间具有跨民族文化的一致性，而与正常人存在多维度的差异。提示维汉抑郁症可能存在共同的特征性的病理性人格模型。维汉民族之间民族文化和个性的差异带来的是维汉民族个性的多样性，并不构成维汉抑郁症的病理性人格基础。

Objective To compare the differences of personality in patients with depression between Ui- ghurs and Han Chinese.Method Hospitalized depressed patients were selected including 44 cases of Uygur people ,73 cases of Han people and Han people with normal control 41 cases. Using Minnesota Multiphasie Per-sonality Inventory（ MMPI）, Eysenck Personality Questionnai（EPQ） and Cattell＇s 16 Personality Factor （16PF） to make the survey.Results In MMPI ： Uighur depression group＇ s factors F,Hs,D,Hy,Pt,Pa and Sc＇ s T score were all higher than 70,and Han depression group＇ s factors Hs,D,Hy,and T score of Pa were all higher than 70. Only F （ 76.98±16.01 vs 67.16± 13.51, P〈0.01 ）, Pt（ 72.09± 14.22 vs 66.82± 11.12, P〈0.05 ） and Sc （ 73.43± 13.02 vs 68.62±11.14, P〈0.05 ） had statistically significant differences between the two groups. Comparing Han depression group with Han normal control group, only Pd score was not significantly different, the other nine scales were statistically significant （P〈0.01）. In EPQ： comparing Uighur depression group with Han depression group, the 4 kinds of scale （extroversion, psyehotieism, neurotieism and conceal） differences were not statistically significant （P〉 0.05）. And Han depression group compared with the Han control group,four scales were statistically significant differences （P〈0.01）. In 16 PF： comparing Uighur depression group with Han depression group, only the wisdom of B （P〈0.01） and the independence of the Q2 （P〈0.05） between the two groups were statistically significant ,other personality dimensions had no significant difference （P〉0.05）. Comparing Han depression group with Han nor- real control group, the factors of gregariousness A, stability C, excitability D, perseverance G, boldness H, sensitivity I, skeptical L, anxiety and O, self-discipline Q3, tension Q4 （P〈0.01） and experimental Q 1 （P〈0.05） differences were statistically significant, and the factors of Wisdom of B, aggressiveness E, fantasy M, sophisticated sex N, inde- pendence Q2 were not statistically significant （P〉0.05）.Conclusion The personality model of depression between the Uygur and Han nationality has the consistency of national culture, and differences with normal people. Prompt Uygur and han depression may have a common characteristic of pathological personality model. Uighur and han ethnic differences in national culture and personality is the character of diversity, is not a Uighur and Han the pathological basis of personality of depression.