抽水蓄能电站自主调频控制策略研究

Study on the Control Strategy of Pumped Storage Power Station for Frequency Regulation

为了改善广东电网日间频率控制质量,提出了一种蓄能机组自主参与系统自动发电控制(AGC)调频运行的方法。在日内数个负荷快速变化的时段内,当火电机组的爬坡能力无法跟随负荷的快速变化时,通过控制蓄能电站改变工作状态进而产生输出功率的阶跃变化,实现了蓄能机组协同火电机组AGC共同参与系统的频率控制。通过这种方式,构建了输出功率快速阶跃变化机组与连续调节机组相结合的新型频率闭环控制机制。基于广东电网备调系统和广州抽水蓄能电站,对所提出的控制策略进行了试验验证和分析讨论。实验结果显示,通过将抽水蓄能机组引入现有的AGC控制系统,广东电网在日间的3个负荷急升急降段内能够将系统频率波动控制在±0.03Hz之内,缓解了目前广东电网部分时段机组爬坡能力不足的窘境。该控制策略利用了抽水蓄能电站双向运行及快速变换工作模式的技术特点,展示了将抽水蓄能电站的应用领域从削峰填谷的"能量型"应用扩展至频率控制的"功率型"应用的潜力。

Based on the development of Guangdong Power Grid, a control strategy for pumped storage power station to assist system operation for frequency control has been proposed in this paper. During several critical periods of frequency control in daily operation caused by the insufficient ramping rate, the pumped storage units were controlled to participate in the frequency control mechanism to increase ramping capability based on the bio-directional operation and fast switch- ing abilities. The pumped storage units could facilitate the AGC controlled coal-fired generators by switching its operation modes and generating output power variation. A closed-loop frequency regulation mechanism was proposed to integrate pumped storage units with current AGC system. With the proposed operation strategy, experimental results were carried out with practical operation of Guangdong Power Grid. The results have shown the frequency deviations in the three crit- ical periods can be controlled within ±0.03 Hz and it is possible to apply pumped storage units to facilitate system frequency regulation. It also shows that the potential of applying pumped storage units for frequency regulation.