联合防空威胁下UCAV低可见突防航迹仿真研究

UCAVs Low-Observable Penetration Trajectory Planning under Integrated Air Defense System

由于传统的无人机航迹规划模型的建立存在欠缺,缺乏真实性。所以应建立无人机三自由度模型,通过坐标转换,建立空间中雷达视线随无人机运动变化的关系,从而建立随姿态变化的无人机动态雷达反射截面积模型。在联合防空系统下,提出导弹响应时间与飞行时间,将此作为雷达跟踪与击毁目标的时间条件建立多雷达环境的威胁模型。以满足无人机被毁伤概率为全局约束条件,改变以往多目标代价函数,以突防最短时间建立目标函数,并结合无人机约束模型构建最优控制问题。通过Radau伪谱法将问题离散化求解,得到三维突防航迹。结果表明,无人机可通过姿态控制实现对雷达低可见,调整航迹以降低威胁,且航迹满足毁伤约束,证明了模型的合理性与算法求解的准确性。

For the deficiencies of former models, the connection of radar sight with Unmanned Combat Aerial Vehicle （UCAV） movement has been built up via coordinating conversion in 3 - dot model. Then the model of radar cross section （RCS） varying with UCAVs altitude angle was built up. Based on Integrated Air Defense System （ IADS）, the response and fly out time of missile were raised as the time condition to build up multi - radar threat model on tracking and destroying. Under the path constraint of UCAVs being - destroyed percentage, the cost func- tion is only the minimum time which is different with the former multi - goals. And with the constraints of UCAV model, the model of optimal control problem was built. With Radau pseudospectral method, the optimal control prob- lem was transformed discretely to solve and 3 - D trajectory was accomplished. The result shows the UCAV can mini- mize the exposure under the radar by altitude control and decrease the threat by adjusting trajectory. The whole trajectory satisfies the constraints. All these prove the reality of the models and the accuracy of the algorithm.