小果润楠和闽楠木材的构造特征

Structure characteristics of Machilus microcarpa and Phoebe bournei

以樟科润楠属小果润楠和楠木属闽楠木材为研究对象,观察分析2种木材的宏观构造和显微构造,测定分析2种木材各类细胞(导管、木纤维、木射线、轴向薄壁细胞、结晶细胞)的构造特征参数。结果表明:2种木材均为阔叶树材散孔材,肉眼下管孔略见或可见,为中等木射线,木材构造偏细且均匀,质地较轻软。小果润楠木材板面多呈现色泽亮丽的"金丝"。小果润楠与闽楠比较,导管腔小壁厚且实质率大、木纤维细胞实质率大、木射线和结晶体数量多;小果润楠的导管、木纤维、轴向薄壁组织和结晶体的组织比量均大于闽楠,木射线组织比量略少于闽楠。闽楠结晶体形状多为晶簇,少见细长形、柱状和立方形结晶体;小果润楠结晶体形状主要为柱状,较多见细长形、立方形和针状结晶体,细胞间隙偶见细小晶簇。

Machilus microcarpa Hemsl. which belongs to Lauraceae Machilus Nees and Phoebe bournei （Hemsl.） Yang which belongs to Lauraceae Phoebe Nees were taken for study by measuring and analyzing structural parameters of various tyoes of cells （vessels, wood fiber, wood ray, axial parenchyma, crystalhne cell）. The results showed that： these two were both hardwoods timber diffuse-porous wood and its pore under the naked eye could be seen or slightly seen, which was medium wood ray; and the structure of the wood was fine and uniform and the texture was soft. Most of the wood board made of M. microcarpa showed bright color like gold silk. By comparing M. microcarpa with P. bournei, we could see that M. microcarpa had thick vessels and large real rate. Also, its wood fiber cell substance rate was high and it had more wood-rays and crystals; for M. microcarpa, it had more vesslel tissue, wood fiber, axial parenchyma and crystal volumn ratio than P. bournei. But its wood ray tissue proportion was slightly less than P. bournei. The crystals of P. bournei were less than M. microcarpa. P. bournei mostly had the crystal shape of crystal druse and a few was slende, cyhnder and cubic while M. microcarpa mostly had the crystal shape of cylinder, slende, cubic and needle and only a few small crystal druse was in cell gap.