反向遗传学技术在流感病毒研究和防控中的应用

Application of Reverse Genetics Technique in the Research, Prevention and Control of Influenza Viruses

流感病毒严重危害动物和人类健康.完全以质粒为基础的反向遗传系统的建立在流感病毒研究和防控领域是一个具有里程碑意义的事件.作为一个强有力的工具,反向遗传技术的应用拓宽和加深了流感病毒的基础和应用研究,在人流感和动物流感的防控中发挥了重要的作用.本文简要回顾了流感病毒反向遗传技术的发展历程,重点介绍了该技术在流感病毒致病性、跨宿主传播以及疫苗研制方面的研究进展.

Influenza virus poses serious threats for the health of humans and animals. The invention of entirely plasmid-based reverse genetics system is a landmark event in the field of research, prevention and control of influenza viruses. As a powerful tool, the application of reverse genetics technique has greatly broadened and deepened both the basic and applied research of influenza viruses, and has played an important role in the prevention and control of human and animal influenza. In this article, we briefly review the course of development of the influenza virus reverse genetics technique, and focus on the application of this technology in the research of pathogenesis, interspecies transmission and vaccine development of influenza viruses.