晋南麦茬复播绿豆品种适应性研究

Study on Adaptability of Mungbean Varieties After Winter Wheat in South of Shanxi

为了筛选适于晋南麦茬复播的优良绿豆品种,先后引进了河北、山东、河南、陕西、山西等地的优良绿豆品种26个进行了为期3年的筛选试验,对其在晋南麦茬地复播的物候期、抗性差异、产量表现、综合性状差异及年际间的产量差异进行了分析。结果表明：不同绿豆品种（系）的出苗天数基本一致,均为5-6天,生育天数差异较大,最大相差13天;综合抗性以早熟品种表现较好;与对照‘晋绿豆3号’相比,产量呈显著或极显著差异;气象因素导致年际间产量差异较大,2013年的气象因素能更好满足绿豆此期生长所需的温度、水分和光照,籽粒产量最高,可达2140.53 kg/hm2;品种间的农艺性状和经济性状存在较大差异。依据当地复播绿豆品种的筛选标准,结合田间试验综合表现,以‘冀绿7号’、‘冀绿8号’、‘冀绿9号’、‘保绿942’、‘黑珍珠’绿豆的产量高、成熟较早、综合性状优,年际间性状表现稳定,适宜在当地推广种植。

In order to screen the superior Mungbean varieties which are suitable for multiple cropping in wheat stubble in the south of Shanxi,twenty-six varieties from Hebei,Shandong,Henan,Shannxi,Shanxi and other provinces were introduced successively,and the screening test was carried out for 3 years.Through the surveying of phenophase,resistance,yield and comprehensive agronomic traits,the differences of the varieties and the yield variation between different years were analyzed.The results showed that the seedling emerging days of different varieties were mainly consistent,which were 5- 6 d.The growth period of different varieties was different,the biggest difference was 13 d.Comprehensive resistance of early maturity varieties was better than that of late varieties.The yield of the varieties reached significant or extremely significant difference in a year.The meteorological factors between different years could cause big difference of the annual yield.The yield was up to 2140.53 kg/hm2 in 2013 when the temperature,water,sunlight well met the growth requirements of Mungbean.There were also great differences of the agronomic and economic traits of different varieties.According to the selection criteria and combined with the comprehensive performance of all varieties in 3 years,five varieties including ＇Jilv 7＇ ＇Jilv 8＇ ＇Jilv 9＇ ＇Baolv 942＇ and ＇Heizhenzhu＇,which had high yield,early maturity,good comprehensive traits,stable performance between different years and were suitable for the local production,should be recommended as planting varieties in wheat stubble in the south of Shanxi.