农村空心化对中国未来粮食安全的影响研究

Effect of Hollow Villages on Food Security of China in the Future

为了解复杂的世界粮食安全环境下中国面临的粮食安全形势,必须对中国粮食安全的影响因素进行分析。而从农村发展现状来看,劳动力大量外出带来了农村"空心化"的现象,农业生产主体呈现女性化、高龄化,对粮食安全产生一定负面影响。通过参与式农村评估和问卷调查等方法,对江西、辽宁、贵州、河北4省的9个村庄进行实地调查,发现"空心化"的农村正面临着耕地被抛荒、土地流转不畅、农业科技难以发挥作用等问题,对粮食产量的提高和粮食安全无疑是一种威胁。为解决农村"空心化"对粮食安全的不利影响,应大力发展乡镇企业,加强农业科技投入,推动农业产业化发展。

In order to know food security situation under the complex world food security circumstance,it is necessary to analyze the influencing factors of food security in China.But from the perspective of present rural development condition,labor transfer has caused the emerging of hollow villages in rural China,the main labors working on agriculture has become feminization and aging,which may influence food security in China.The field survey was conducted in 9 villages in Jiangxi,Liaoning,Guizhou and Hebei Province,the main methods were participatory rural appraisal and questionnaire survey.The results showed that hollow villages were facing some challenges such as the increase of abandoned cultivated land,poor circulation of cultivated land,insufficient application of agricultural science and technology and so on.To solve these problems,township enterprises should be developed,investment on agricultural science and technology should be increased and agricultural industrialization development should be promoted.