赤峰文冠果引种种源苗期初步选择研究

Seedling Preliminary Selection of Introduced Provenances of Chifeng Xanthoceras sorbifolia

为筛选出吉林省西部适宜的文冠果优良速生种源,在继续文冠果不同群体资源果实和种子性状评价基础上,以赤峰8个引种种源的文冠果种子出苗率及其1-3年生苗的连年高生长和地径生长进行调查和对比分析。结果表明,不同种源的出苗率存在显著差异,其中4#、7#、8#种源的出苗率较高,而且7#种源的出苗率要好于其他种源,其出苗率为95.33%;不同种源第1年高生长和地径生长范围为23.9-44.4 cm和0.398-0.610 cm,第2年分别为42.6-69.5 cm、0.556-0.774 cm,第3年分别为51.2-63.1 cm、0.676-0.836 cm,其连年生长增加趋势明显。同时,不同种源间的高生长和径生长存在明显差异,其中4#、6#、7#、8#种源的高生长和地径生长要优于其他种源;不同种源的出苗率、苗高年生长、地径年生长、3年生苗高和3年生地径等数据的聚类分析表明,8个种源可分为4类,其中第1类的7#种源的综合表现最优,其3年生苗高和地径分别为177.1、2.224 cm。研究结果为后续吉林省文冠果的遗传改良和优质苗木的推广和利用提供了参考。

The study aims to perform fast and superior seedling selection of X. sorbifolia in western JilinProvince. On the basis of evaluation of seed and fruit traits of different provenances of X. sorbifolia, theemergence rate, seedling height and its ground diameter growth from first, second to third- year old of 8provenances of X. sorbifolia introduced from Chifeng in Inner Mongolia were investigated and analyzed. Resultshowed that there were significant differences in the emergence rate of different provenances, the emergencerate of 4#, 7# and 8# was better than that of other provenances, and emergence rate of 7# provenance was thebest, which was 95.33%. Different provenances had height growth from 23.9 cm to 44.4 cm, 42.6 cm to69.5 cm, and 51.2 cm to 63.1 cm from the first to the third year, and the corresponding ground diameter werefrom 0.398 cm to 0.610 cm, 0.556 cm to 0.774 cm, and 0.676 cm to 0.836 cm from the first to third year.Hence, the height and ground diameter growth of different provenances was in a significant increasing trend. Inaddition, height and ground diameter growth had significant differences among different provenances, height and ground diameter growth of 4#, 6#, 7# and 8# provenances were superior to that of other provenances.Cluster analysis of emergence rate, seedling height growth and ground diameter from first to third year, totalheight and diameter growth showed that, 8 provenances of X. sorbifolia could be divided into 4 categories, whileperformance of 7# provenance was the best, whose height and ground diameter growth value in total 3 yearswere 177.1 and 2.224 cm, respectively. Therefore, this article can promote X. sorbifolia genetic improvementand the application of high quality seedlings in environmental restoration and further utilization in Jilin.