土壤水分胁迫下茶树部分渗透调节物质的变化

Changes of Several Osmotica in Tea Plant(Camellia sinensis) Under Soil Water Stress

为了了解不同茶树品种对干旱环境的适应性,分析了土壤水分胁迫对茶树部分渗透调节物质含量变化的影响。以茶树‘铁观音’和‘福鼎大白茶’2年生幼苗为材料,采用盆栽试验的方法,研究了在正常供水(土壤含水量为田间最大持水量的75%)、轻度水分胁迫(55%)、中度水分胁迫(35%)和重度水分胁迫(20%)条件下,茶树部分渗透调节物质的变化情况。结果表明,正常供水条件下,‘铁观音’叶片相对含水量、脯氨酸含量低于‘福鼎大白茶’,可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量高于‘福鼎大白茶’;水分胁迫下‘铁观音’、‘福鼎大白茶’叶片相对含水量随胁迫程度的加大而降低,可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖以及脯氨酸的含量随胁迫程度的加大而增多,但在重度胁迫下,‘福鼎大白茶’的可溶性蛋白质及脯氨酸含量下降。在相同的水分胁迫条件下,‘铁观音’叶片相对含水量的降幅都小于‘福鼎大白茶’,而可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量的增幅都比‘福鼎大白茶’大。表明在土壤水分胁迫下‘铁观音’的渗透调节适应能力高于‘福鼎大白茶’。

In order to understand the adaptability of different varieties of tea plants to drought environment, thecontents of several osmotica in tea plants under soil water stress were studied. Two-year-old seedlings of teaplants（Camellia sinensis cv. Tieguanyin and C.sinensis cv. Fudingdabaicha） were cultivated in a potexperiment to investigate the changes of several osmotica under four water stress treatments： 75%（normalwater supply）, 55%（slight water stress）, 35%（mild water stress） and 20%（severe water stress） of soil fieldcapacity. The results showed that the relative water contents（RWC） and free proline contents of Camellia sinensis cv. Tieguanyin were lower than that of Camellia sinensis cv. Fudingdabaicha, while the soluble proteinand soluble sugar content were higher than that of Camellia sinensis cv. Fudingdabaicha under normal watersupply conditions. Under water stress conditions, the RWC of Camellia sinensis cv. Tieguanyin and C.sinensis cv. Fudingdabaicha decreased, and the contents of soluble protein, soluble sugar and proline increased alongwith the higher of the stress degree. But under the severe water stress, soluble protein and proline contents of C.sinensis cv. Fudingdabaicha decreased. In the same water stress conditions, the decreasing RWC amplitude of Camellia sinensis cv. Tieguanyin was less than that of C.sinensis cv. Fudingdabaicha, and the increasing amplitude of soluble protein, soluble sugar and proline contents were higher than that of C.sinensis cv.Fudingdabaicha. Compared with C.sinensis cv. Fudingdabaicha, C.sinensis cv. Tieguanyin had higher capacityto acclimate soil water stress.