抗旱耐盐碱食用向日葵恢复系的选育及应用

Breeding and Application of Drought-resistant and Saline-resistant Restorer Lines of Edible Sunflower

为了选育适宜在山西省食用向日葵生产区种植的抗旱耐盐碱、广适性强、抗逆性强、高产优质的恢复系以及杂交种,本试验以国内的优良品种资源与自选育的不育系为材料,通过套袋自交成功选育出恢复系‘汾恢1号’、‘汾恢2号’、‘汾恢3号’,对3个恢复系进行农艺性状调查、抗旱耐盐碱鉴定和早代恢复力和配合力选择,结果表明恢复系‘汾恢1号’、‘汾恢2号’、‘汾恢3号’配合力高、花粉量大、恢复率100%、抗旱、耐盐碱、高抗黄萎病、耐菌核病,其中‘汾恢1号’表现突出,3个恢复系于2012年11月29日通过了山西省农业科学院科研处验收。利用‘汾恢1号’培育的杂交组合FK-0918,2014年参加山西省区试平均产量达3726.56 kg/hm2,比对照YS809增产29.9%,排第四位。该品种表现出较好的抗病性、抗旱性、耐盐碱、产量高,商品性好,生育期108天,适宜在山西省晋中及晋西北食用向日葵生产区种植,应用推广前景乐观。

In order to breed the new restorer lines and new varieties with drought-resistance, saline-resistance, extensively adaptability, strong adversity resistance, high yield and quality for planting in the ediblesunflower production regions of Shanxi, a field trial with excellent domestic variety resources and sterile lineswas conducted to successfully breed the restorer lines of‘Fenhui No.1＇,‘Fenhui No.2＇and‘Fenhui No.3＇byusing the bagging and selfing. The authors investigated the agronomic traits of the three restorer lines,identified their drought-resistance and saline-resistance, and selected the restoring and combining ability. Theresults showed that the three restorer lines had high combining ability, large numbers of pollen grains, 100% ofrestoring ability, drought-resistance, saline-resistance, high-resistance to verticillium wilt and sclerotiniasclerotiorum, and passed the acceptance tests on November 29, 2012 by Scientific Bureau of Shanxi Academyof Agricultural Sciences.‘Fenhui No.1＇had the best performance. The hybrid variety‘Fk-0918＇wasdeveloped from the restorer line‘Fenhui No.1＇and the average yield was 3726.56 kg/hm2, increased by 29.9%compared with the CK‘YS809＇and ranked No.4 in area trials of edible sunflower in Shanxi Province in 2014.The variety‘Fk-0918＇had disease-resistance, drought-resistance, saline-resistance, high yield, goodcommercial characteristics and the whole growth stage was 108 days which was suitable for planting in theedible sunflower production regions of Jinzhong and northwestern Shanxi. The application and popularizingprospect of‘Fk-0918＇was better.