不同施肥量对稻田一年生黑麦草产量及氮磷钾吸收的影响

Effect of Different Fertilizations on Biomass Yield and N, P, K Absorption of Annual Ryegrass in Rice Field

通过大田试验,研究不同施肥量对黑麦草产量及养分吸收的影响,找到南方稻田种植黑麦草的最佳基肥肥料配比。氮、磷、钾肥施用量分别设4个水平,试验设11个处理。测定每次刈割黑麦草的干草产量和氮、磷、钾养分含量,计算氮磷钾的养分吸收量。结果表明:花岗岩发育的水稻土上种植黑麦草,施肥尤其是氮肥能增加黑麦草的株高和产量;基施磷肥和追施氮肥能促进黑麦草的再生。增加氮、磷肥施用量,黑麦草氮、磷含量也增加,钾肥施用达到一定量后,再增加施用量,黑麦草钾含量变化不大。增加氮、磷、钾肥的施用能提高黑麦草氮、磷、钾的吸收量。南方花岗岩发育的水稻土上种植黑麦草的N、P、K肥基肥最佳施用量(折纯)分别为:210.0 kg/hm2N、108.0 kg/hm2P2O5、117.5 kg/hm2K2O。

In order to find the best basal fertilizer ratio in planting ryegrass in paddy soil in southern China, afield experiment was conducted to study the effect of different fertilizer rates on the biomass yield and the N, P,K absorption of annual ryegrass. Four levels and 11 treatments were set for the fertilization of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. The biomass yield of ryegrass was estimated. The nitrogen, phosphorusand potassium content of ryegrass were tested and analyzed, and the N, P and K absorption of ryegrass werecalculated. It showed that when planting ryegrass in paddy soils derived from granite, fertilization, especiallynitrogen fertilizer, increased the height and biomass yield of ryegrass. Application of phosphate fertilizer asbasal fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer as top dressing fertilizer improved the regeneration of ryegrass. With theincrease of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer rates, the nitrogen and phosphorus content of ryegrass were also onthe rise. After a certain amount of potash application, the potassium content of ryegrass did not change muchwith further potash application. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer could all increase the N, P and Kabsorption of ryegrass. As for the basal fertilizer, the recommendation fertilization rates on ryegrass were givenas N 210.0 kg/hm2, P2O5 108.0 kg/hm2, K2 O 117.5 kg/hm2, respectively, when planting ryegrass in paddy soils derived from granite in southern China.