锑矿区大叶女贞重金属富集特性研究

Study on the Characteristics of Heavy Metal Accumulation in Ligustrum lucidum in An Antimony Mine

为了选择重金属污染土壤生态修复植物,利用采样测试分析的方法,对生长于冷水江严重Sb、As、Cd、Hg污染土壤的大叶女贞进行了研究。结果表明:大叶女贞能耐较严重重金属胁迫,其生长量、生物量受影响较小,胸径、树高和生物量分别减少2.58%、6.07%、7.58%;大叶女贞对各重金属的富集系数均大于2,其中Hg、Cd的富集系数最大,Cu、As的富集系数最小;对各重金属的转运系数均大于60,其中Sb的转运系数最大,Zn的转运系数最小;各重金属在大叶女贞根、茎、叶器官内的富集量有极显著差异,根、茎、叶等器官间富集的重金属有极显著差异,其叶部富集重金属的顺序为Zn>Sb>As>Pb>Cu>Cd>Hg,茎部富集重金属的顺序为Zn>Sb>Pb>Cd>As>Cu>Hg,根部富集重金属的顺序为Zn>Sb>Pb>As>Cu>Cd>Hg,叶、茎、根三器官富集各种重金属的顺序为叶>茎>根,至少有93.0%重金属富集在叶、茎、枝等地上部器官,其中至少有60.0%的重金属富集在叶部;大叶女贞为一优良重金属污染土壤生态修复树种。

In order to select ecological restoration plants for heavy metal contaminated soil ecological restoration, sampling test analysis was conducted on Ligustrum lucidum growing in Sb, As, Cd, Hg seriously contaminated soil in Lengshuijiang. It turned out that Ligustrum lucidum had strong resistance to serious heavy metal stress, and the growth and biomass had not been seriously affected, and the DBH, tree height and biomass decreased 2.58%, 6.07% and 7.58%, respectively. Each heavy metal enrichment coefficient of Ligustrum lucidum was more than 2, in which, enrichment coefficients of Hg and Cd were the maximum, while that of Cu and As were the minimum. The heavy metal transfer coefficient was more than 60, in which, that of Sb was the maximum, while that of Zn was the minimum. The enrichment of heavy metals was significantly different in roots, stems and leaves of Ligustrum lucidum. The order of heavy metals enrichment in the leaves was Zn 〉 Sb 〉 As 〉 Pb 〉 Cu 〉 Cd 〉 Hg, in the stem was Zn 〉 Sb 〉 Pb 〉 Cd 〉 As 〉 Cu 〉 Hg, while in the root was Zn 〉 Sb 〉 Pb 〉 As 〉 Cu 〉 Cd 〉 Hg, the order of heavy metals enrichment in the leaves, stems and roots was leaves 〉 stems 〉 roots, and at least 93% of the heavy metals were enriched in the upper organs, and at least 60% of the heavy metals were enriched in the leaves. Ligustrum lucidum was verified to be an excellent species of heavy metal contaminated soil ecosystem restoration.