弃婴岛法律问题研究

Research on the Legal Problem of Safe Haven

弃婴岛是由民政部门认可的、儿童福利机构设立、妥善保护被遗弃婴儿的专门性保护设施。根据国内、国际保护儿童人身权相关法律的规定,弃婴岛应当保障弃婴基本的生命健康权、身世知情权和受抚养权等基本权利。由于弃婴岛在中国是新生事物,难免存在这样或那样的问题。我们需要探索弃婴岛的运行和发展规律,健全完善弃婴岛规章制度,同时借鉴和学习包括西方在内的许多国家较为成熟的弃婴岛制度。我们需要适时制定弃婴岛的法规,以规范弃婴岛的运行;加大对弃婴岛的资源投入,以保障弃婴岛正常运行;明确规定弃婴的年龄和接受条件;强制弃婴者提供身份信息;规范弃婴接收及后续安置程序;完善与弃婴岛相关的配套制度等。

Safe haven is a special facility authorized by civil affairs department and set up by the child welfare agencies for properly protecting the abandoned babies.According to related domestic and international legal rules of protecting personal rights of children,safe haven should ensure the baby＇s basic right about life and health,knowing life experience,and fostering.Since the safe haven is a new thing in our country,it is hard to avoid problems of one kind or another.We need to explore the regularity of safe haven operation and development,form rules,make laws,refer to and learn mature system of safe haven in many countries,including the west.We need timely make laws for regulating safe haven,increase resources input for normal operation in safe haven,specify the age of the baby and the conditions of admission,require mandatory provision of identity information of the abandoner;standardize the specifications of baby admission and subsequent settlement procedures,and perfect related supporting system of safe haven,etc.