高校教职工及研究生高血压患病率及危险因素的分析与研究

Analysis of hypertension morbidity and risk factors in staff and postgraduate of university

目的:调查南京信息工程大学教职工及研究生健康体检人群高血压的患病率及其危险因素,为高校社区人群实施有效的健康宣教和预防干预措施提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样的方法,对参加体检的4 067名教职工和研究生进行高血压危险因素的问卷调查及体格检查,比较不同年龄、性别、不同职业等高血压患病率的差异。采用多因素Logistic回归分析方法,分析高血压的影响因素。结果:4 067例受调查者中,789例患高血压,患病率为19.4%,其中男性患病率(27.8%)高于女性(11.4%)(χ2=175.249,P=0.001)。高血压患病率随着年龄的增长呈明显增高趋势。多因素Logistic回归分析发现,男性、年龄>50岁、有高血压家族史、超重、肥胖、行政和后勤人员、吸烟、高盐高油饮食模式是高血压的主要危险因素。结论:该高校教职工及研究生群体中,男性、年龄>50岁、行政和后勤人员的高血压患病率较高。超重、运动不足、高盐高油的饮食模式等高血压危险因素普遍存在。

Objective： To investigate the prevalence rate and risk factors of hypertension in health checkup teaching staff and postgraduate of Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology（ NUIST） and to provide the reliable basis for the preventive strategy and health education. Methods： Using the method of cluster sampling,the risk factors of hypertension of 4 067 teaching staff and graduate students who participated in physical examination were investigated by the questionnaire and physical examination. Prevalence rate of hypertension were compared among different ages,genders and careers and then the multivariate Logistic regression analysis method was adopted to get related risk factors. Results： Of the 4 067 patients,789 had hypertension and the hypertension prevalence rate was 19. 4%. The prevalence of hypertension appeared to be higher in males（ 27. 8%） than in females（ 11. 4%）（ χ2= 175. 249,P = 0. 001）. The prevalence of hypertension increased with increasing of age.The result of multivariate Logistic analysis illustrated that the risk factors including male,age 〉 50,family history,overweight and obesity,administrative and support staff,smoking,high oil and high salt diet were much related to hypertension. Conclusions： The male or older than 50 years University staff and postgraduate,administrative and support staff have higher prevalence of hypertension. Overweight,sports shortage,high oil and high salt diet are common risk factors.