4~6岁幼儿元记忆监测准确性与记忆成绩的相关

A Research on Correlation between Metamemory Monitoring Accuracy and Memory Performance

目的：探讨4~6岁幼儿元记忆监测准确性（EOL,JOL,JOC））与记忆成绩的相关。方法：采用3年龄（4,5,6）×2性别（男,女）×2材料难度（难,易）的混合实验设计。结果：①EOL、JOL和JOC准确性与记忆成绩间总体相关分别为-0.69、-0.65,-0.50,均达到0.01显著性水平。②年龄越小EOL、JOL和JOC准确性与记忆成绩间的相关值越高。③EOL、JOL和JOC准确性与记忆成绩间的相关不存在显著性别差异。④高难度材料上EOL准确性与记忆成绩间相关值显著高于低难度材料上。结论：4~6岁幼儿EOL和JOL准确性均与记忆成绩有较高相关;JOC准确性与记忆成绩呈中等相关。年龄和性别不是影响元记忆监测准确性与记忆成绩相关的主要因素。材料难度影响EOL准确性与记忆成绩间相关程度。

Objective： The study aimed to investigate the relationship between accuracy of metamemory monitoring（EOL, JOL, JOC） and memory performance in 4-6 years old children. Methods： We adopted a 3×2×2（age, gende,rmaterial） mixed experimental design. Results： ①There was a significant correlation between memory monitoring（EOL, JOL, JOC）accuracy and memory performance. The values of correlation were：-0.69,-0.65,-0.50, respectively. ②The lower the age,the higher the value of correlation was observed, suggesting a developmental difference trend in the correlation of memory monitoring with memory performance. ③No significant gender difference was observed in the correlation between metamemory monitoring（EOL, JOL, JOC） accuracy and memory performance. ④The more difficult the memory material presented,the higher correlation was observed between EOL accuracy and memory performance. Conclusion： The accuracies of EOL and JOL both have high correlations with memory performance in 4 to 6 years old children. In this relationship, material difficulty may serve as a moderating role.