论中止自动性判断的规范主观说

On The Norm Subjective Theoryupon Judging Automatic Suspension

对于中止犯的减免处罚根据,应当并合考虑责任减少和刑事政策,即在行为人基于己意放弃犯罪或者防止结果发生的场合,因为其责任减少,且从刑罚目的角度看预防必要性降低,对其就应予以奖励,这是"基于刑罚目的的责任减少说"。相比客观说和限定主观说,主观说更为合理。主观说不是伦理动机上的悔悟或规范意识觉醒,也不是我国学者所通常理解的心理学上的行为人认识,而必须被规范地理解。因此,在我国刑法学中提倡中止自动性判断的"规范主观说"就是必要的,即行为人内心放弃犯罪的"反常"意思决断能够被规范地评价为心态逆转,且有助于实现特别预防及一般预防目的时,才能认定其具有自动性。中止自动性判断从心理学主观说转向规范主观说,有可能使中止犯的成立范围受到限缩,但有利于实现积极的一般预防和特别预防的刑罚目的,保持责任论和刑罚论的一体性,也更符合体系思考的刑法方法论。

Regarding the foundation of penalty mitigation or exemption of discontinued criminals,both liability reduction and criminal policy should be taken into account.Such as on the occasion of a feasor voluntarily giving up committing a crime or preventing the result from happening,because of the reduction of his liabilities,and reduction of necessity of prevention from penalty purpose point of view,the feasor should be rewarded,which is known as 'the responsibility reduction theory based on the penalty purpose'.The foundation of mitigation or exemption of discontinued criminals constrains arbitrary judgments.Comparing to the objective theory and the limitative subjective theory,the subjective theory on suspension automaticity is relatively more reasonable.The subjective theory is about neither ethical motivation regret,normative consciousness awakening,nor the feasor's psychological cognition as understood by some domestic scholars.However,it should be understood normatively.Therefore,it is.necessary to encourage the application of the ' norm subjective theory' to suspension automaticity in criminal jurisprudence of our country.Such as when a feasor gives up criminal activities on his own,which is an 'abnormal' decision,the feasor should be normatively deemed as mentality reversal,and should be defined as having automaticity when the decision making contributes to realizing special prevention and general prevention purposes.Changing from the psychological subjective theory to norm subjective theory of suspension automaticity judgment may limit the scope of discontinued criminal commitment.However,it is more conducive to the realization of positive general prevention and special prevention of criminal penalty purposes.Furthermore,it helps maintain the integrity of responsibility theory and penalty theory in accordance with systematic thinking of criminal law methodology.