南京市中小学生零食摄入情况调查

Snack patterns among primary and middle school students in Nanjing

目的了解南京市6-18岁中小学生各类零食的消费情况,为开展学生营养干预提供参考。方法采用先分层后简单随机抽样方法,选择南京市768名6-18岁学生作为研究对象,采用调查表收集零食消费信息。结果中小学生零食消费率和消费频率基本一致,水果、糕点、奶类、饮料奶类居消费率前4位,消费率依次为99.7%,96.1%,94.8%,94.7%,每周3次以上消费频率分别为93.8%,63.3%,81.4%,54.0%。小学生奶类消费量最高,平均为172.1 g/d;中学生消费量最高的零食为饮料,平均为235.1 g/d。零食提供的能量占每人日摄入总量的27.7%,零食提供各营养素贡献率在16.0%~51.3%,其中营养素贡献率最高的是钙。男生零食提供的能量及营养素比例均低于女生;随着年龄增加,零食所提供的能量和各营养素所占的比例总体上呈现逐渐降低的趋势。结论应加强对中小学生及其家长的膳食营养教育,合理选择和消费零食,保障青少年健康成长。

Objective To understand the current status of snacks consumption and the contribution of energy and nutrition of all kinds of snacks among 6-18 years old students in Nanjing. Methods With stratified random sampling method, 768 primary and middle school students aged 6-18 years old in three regions were selected and underwent questionnaire survey. Basic information and snack consumption were investigated. Results Of all the 13 kinds of snacks, the consumption rates and the consumption frequency was almost consistent. Consumption rate of fruits, cakes, milk and dairy products, drinks were in the highest comsumption rate,with the rate of 99.7%, 96.1%, 94.8%, 94.7%, and consumption rate of 3 times a week or more was 93.8%, 63.3%, 81.4% ,54.0%, respectively; The milk and dairy products consumption was highest in primary school students and average consumption was 172.1 g/d. The highest consumption of snacks among middle school students was drinks with average consumption of 235.1 g/d. The proportion of the energy supplied by snacks was 27.7% of the total energy intake per day. The nutrition snacks provided accounted for 16.0%-51.3% of intake of nutrients per person takes per day. The highest contribution rate of the nutrients was calcium. With the increase of age, the proportion of the energy and nutrients from snacks gradually decreased. Conclusion It is important to strengthen nutrition education among primary and middle school students and their parents, especially on how to select and consume the snacks rationally so as to promote healthy growth.