河南省大学生课外体育锻炼现状及影响因素分析

After-school physical exercise among college students in Henan Province

目的了解河南省在校大学生体育锻炼现状及影响因素,为制定相关干预措施提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,选取河南省28所高校3 811名大学生,通过问卷进行课外体育锻炼现状分析。结果 10.8%的学生参加课外体育锻炼是为应付考试,21.0%的学生每天固定时间参加体育锻炼。70.2%的学校一直把体育作为必修课,61.6%的学校一直对学生体质健康进行考核测试,33.0%的学校能一直提供体育锻炼的场地和器材,仅25.0%的学校开设的体育课能满足学生锻炼的需求,11.5%的学校能每天组织1 h的体育锻炼活动。影响大学生参与课外体育锻炼因素排名前3位的分别是学习负担重(57.5%),场地、体育锻炼器材的缺乏(43.1%)以及没有时间锻炼(36.4%)。结论大学生参与体育锻炼的需求及意愿较强烈,但现状不容乐观,促进大学生参与课外体育锻炼需要学生个人和学校的共同努力。

Objective To understand the status of after-class physical exercise and associated factors among college students in Henan province. Methods By using multi-stage method, 3 811 students from 7 cities were invited to participate in the questionnaire survey. Results Nearly 10.8% of students reported the aim of after-class physical exercise was for examinations, 21.0% of students had regular physical exercise. About 69.0% of schools had physical education as a required course, 61.1% schools had students fitness assessment, 48.9% schools can always provide sports venues and equipments, only 25.0% schools had physical education adapted to meet the needs of students＇ physical exercise, 11.5% schools can organize one hour physical exercise every day. The top three leading factors for participation in physical exercise after class were academic burden （ 57.5% ）, lack of physical exercise equipment and place （43.1%） and no time for exercise （36.4% ）. Conclusion Students have high demands and aspiration for physical exercise, but the present status of after-class physical exercise among college students is not optimistic. Within college, efforts to promote physical activity among students should be encouraged.