楸叶泡桐嫁接无性系苗期生长优良品种选择

Selection on Grafted Seedlings of Paulownia catalpifolia Clones

2014年,在河南省原阳县黄河滩沙地,对13个楸叶泡桐无性系和对照(CK)无性系嫁接苗的高、径生长状况进行连续测定和分析。结果表明:1参试无性系嫁接苗的基部断面积(S0)和高(H)生长过程均可用Richards方程准确描述。其生长曲线的渐近值、反映生长函数类型的、调节生长时间3个拟合参数和求解出的生长时间参数、生长速度参数、生长量参数,在无性系间的差异均达显著或极显著水平。2综合不同无性系间S0和H二指标各参数的差异性分析结果,CHB03楸系的各参数除了H生长速度参数显著低于CK外,其生长量参数和S0生长速度参数均与CK无显著差异,而其生长时间参数显著优于CK(S0的速生期和生长期,分别长12 d和24 d;H生长的速生期和生长期,分别长14 d和29 d);CHB02和CSD03楸系具有S0生长量和生长速度较高的特点。3选择17个生长和质量参数对参试无性系进行系统聚类,将13个楸系分为4类。其中第1类的CHB03楸系,S0和H生长量分别达17.19 cm2、420.58 cm,具有速生期和生长期长、S0生长速度高、生长量大、高径比和削度适中的特点,为速生类楸系,可作为苗期优良无性系;第2类的CHB02、CSD03和CSD06三个楸系,S0和H生长量分别达13.97 cm2、348.10 cm,具有速生期和生长期较长、S0生长速度和生长量较大、高径比低的特点,为较速生类,可作为备选的苗期优良无性系。

In order to select superior Paulownia catalpifolia clones with good growth condition during seedling stage,we continuously studied the height of seedlings,diameter of growth on 13 P. catalpifolia and their contrast clones at Yellow River bed sandy land in Yuanyang County of Henan Province in 2014. The base cross section area（ S0） and height growth process（ H） of all test grafted clones can be accurately described with Richards Equation. There are three fitting parameters,with solved growth time parameters,growth rate parameters,increment parameters with significant or extremely significant level,respectively,among their clone difference. By synthesize difference analysis,all parameters on S0 and H from different clones,and all parameters of CHB03 except that H growth rate parameter were significantly lower than CK,there was no difference between its increment and S0,and its growth time parameter was superior to CK（ The fast-growing time and growing time of S0 were 12 and 24 days,and the fast-growing time and growing time of H were 14 and 29 days longer than those of CK,respectively）,CHB02 and CSD03 had higher S0 increment and growth rate characteristic than others. We selected 17 growth and quality parameters to hierarchical cluster on all testing clones,and classified 13 P. catalpifolia clones into 4 classes. CHB03 was the first class with S0 of 17. 19 cm2,H of 420. 58 cm,most suitable height-diameter ratio and moderate taperingness,belonging to fast-growing P. catalpifolia clone,and can be superior clone for seedling stage. The second class included CHB02,CSD03 and CSD06 3 P. catalpifolia clones,with S0 of 13. 97 cm2,H of 348. 10 cm,longer fast-growing and growing time,higher growth rate,and low height-diameter ratio,belonging to faster growing class,and can be alternative superior seedling clones.