襄阳市3～14岁儿童屈光发育状况及相关原因

Refractive development status and related factors among 3-14-year-old children in Xiangyang

目的探讨襄阳市3～14岁儿童屈光发育状况及相关影响因素，为干预儿童屈光异常防止近视提供一定的理论参考依据。方法以襄阳市第一人民医院眼科接收验光的1280例3～14岁儿童为研究对象，按年龄分为4组对其进行视力、眼轴长度、角膜曲率、屈光度数检查，分析儿童屈光发育状况及相关影响因素。结果3—5岁、6～8岁、9—11岁、12～14岁组儿童屈光异常率分别为34．86％、45．09％、64．02％、71．19％，不同性别屈光状况差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05），不同年龄儿童屈光状况差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。父亲视力、看电视电脑的时间及距离是影响屈光状态的独立危险因素，其OR值分别为1．960、2．977、1．621。结论建立儿童屈光发育档案，针对儿童屈光状态的影响因素采取合理措施干预，对于保护儿童屈光正常发育具有重要的指导作用。

Objective To explore refractive development status and related influencing factors among 3-14-year-old children in Xiangyang, provide a certain theoretical reference basis for intervening ametropia and preventing myopia among children. Methods A total of 1 280 children aged 3-14 years old receiving optometry in Department of＂ Ophthalmology in the First People＇s Hospital of Xiangyang City were selected as study objects, then they were divided into four groups according to age; visual acuity, ocular axial length, corneal curvature, and degrees of refraction were examined; refractive development status and related influencing factors were analyzed. Results The incidence rates of ametropia among the children in 3-5-year-old group, 6-8-year-old group, 9-11-year-old group, and 12-14-year-old group were 34. 86%, 45.09% , 64.02% , and 71.19%, respectively, there was no statistically significant difference in refractive status between boys and girls （ P〉0. 05 ）, there was statistically significant difference in refractive status among the children in different age groups （ P〈 0. 05） . Paternal vision, the time spent on watching TV and looking at a computer and the distance were independent risk factors of refrac- tive status, OR values were 1. 960, 2. 977, and 1. 621, respectively. Conclusion Establishing refractive development files of children and taking reasonable intervention measures targeting to the influencing factors of refractive status of children can guide protection of normal refractive development of children.