涉核人员健康素养调查分析及对策

Survey on the health literacy of involving nuclear workers,and relevant countermeasures

目的了解涉核人员对医学保健知识的掌握程度，分析影响健康素养的因素，为进一步制订针对性的健康教育提供依据，以全面快速提升涉核人员的健康素养水平。方法在疗养期前3d发放健康素养调查问卷，对调查数据资料进行统计分析。结果涉核人员在基本知识和理念方面80％以上健康素养良好，健康行为与生活方式、基本技能方面均超过40％的人员健康素养一般，尤其是饮酒、膳食平衡、心理健康等方面健康素养形成率较低，辐射损伤及防护知识方面50％以上健康素养良好。36～56岁年龄段的涉核人员健康行为与生活方式（36．2％）、基本技能（29．8％）和辐射损伤及防护知识（79．8％）方面高于其他两个年龄段；硕士及以上学历涉核人员在基本知识和理念（93．6％）、健康行为与生活方式（38．5％）、辐射损伤及防护知识（83-3％）方面高于大专／本科和高中／职高人员。结论涉核人员具备健康素养水平不高，要定期开展健康素养调查分析，及时掌握健康素养水平，制订针对性的健康教育方案，提高涉核人员的自我保健能力，变被动的健康管理为主动的管理健康。

Objective To learn involving nuclear medical worker＇s care personnel mastery of knowledge, analyse factors affecting the health literacy ,provide the basis for further development of targeted health education, so as to fully and rapidly increase health literacy levels of involving nuclear workers. Methods Health literacy questionnaire was issued three days before the convalescence period and achived survey data for statistical analysis. Results More than 80% in＋olving nuclear workers in terms of basic knowledge and concepts of good health literacy were good,more than 40 percent of the staff health behavior and lifestyle,basic skills beyonged general level,especially in drinking,balanced diet,mental health and other aspects of health literacy was of lowformation rate;in the aspects involving damage and personal radiation protection knowledge of health literacy more than 50% of core was good. Involving nuclear worker＇s at 36-56 years of age healthy behavior and lifestyle （36.2%） ,basicskills （29.8%） and radiation damage and protection knowledge （79.8%） were higher than the other two age groups respectively;Master＇s degree and above that involving nuclear workers in basic knowledge and concepts （93.6%） ,health behavior and lifestyle （38.5%） ,radiation damage and protection knowledge （83.3%） were higher the who of college/undergraduate and high school/vocational school staff. Conclusion Involving nuclear workers＂ health literacy level is not high,as such it should be need to carry out periodic health literacy survey analysis for them,grasp their level of health literacy,develop targeted health education programs,improve self-care capability of the workers involing the nuclear,change from passive to active health management.